Weak population genetic structure in Eurasian spruce bark beetle over large regional scales in Sweden
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The Eurasian spruce bark beetle, Ips typographus, is a major pest, capable of killing spruce forests during large population outbreaks. Recorded dispersal distances of individual beetles are typically within hundreds of meters or a few kilometers. However, the connectivity between populations at larger distances and longer time spans and how this is affected by the habitat is less studied, despite its importance for understanding at which distances local outbreaks may spread. Previous population genetic studies in I. typographus typically used low resolution markers. Here, we use genome-wide data to assess population structure and connectivity of I. typographus in Sweden. We used 152 individuals from 19 population samples, distributed over 830 km from Strömsund (63° 46′ 8″ N) in the north to Nyteboda (56° 8′ 50″ N) in the south, to capture processes at a large regional scale, and a transect sampling design adjacent to a recent outbreak to capture processes at a smaller scale (76 km). Using restriction site-associated DNA sequencing (RADseq) markers capturing 1409–1997 SNPs throughout the genome, we document a weak genetic structure over the large scale, potentially indicative of high connectivity with extensive gene flow. No differentiation was detected at the smaller scale. We find indications of isolation-by-distance both for relative (FST) and absolute divergence (Dxy). The two northernmost populations are most differentiated from the remaining populations, and diverge in parallel to the southern populations for a set of outlier loci. In conclusion, the population structure of I. typographus in Sweden is weak, suggesting a high capacity to disperse and establish outbreak populations in new territories.
| Originalsprog | Engelsk |
|---|---|
| Artikelnummer | e9078 |
| Tidsskrift | Ecology and Evolution |
| Vol/bind | 12 |
| Udgave nummer | 7 |
| ISSN | 2045-7758 |
| DOI | |
| Status | Udgivet - 2022 |
Bibliografisk note
Funding Information:
We thank Naturvårdsverket and Södra skogsägarna for kindly providing samples. We also thank Meng Li, Andrés Romero, Hampus Månefjord, Klas Rydhmer, Jonathan Peterson Samuel Jansson and Emma Kärrnäs for help with field work and Mikael Hedrén for letting us borrow RAD-tag chemicals. Finally, we thank Maren Wellenreuther for early discussions and Bengt Augustsson for letting us work on his property. The authors also acknowledge support from the National Genomics Infrastructure in Stockholm funded by Science for Life Laboratory, the Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation and the Swedish Research Council, and SNIC/Uppsala Multidisciplinary Center for Advanced Computational Science for assistance with massively parallel sequencing and access to the UPPMAX computational infrastructure. This research was funded by the FORMAS grant 2018-01061 to Mikkel Brydegaard, Anna Runemark, Carsten Kirkeby, Bengt Hansson and Anna-Maria Jönsson. MNA also acknowledges FORMAS for funding (grant 2018-01444). Fredrik Schlyter was supported by EXTEMIT-K project financed by OP RDE at the Czech University of Life Sciences, Prague (CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/15-003/0000433).
Funding Information:
We thank Naturvårdsverket and Södra skogsägarna for kindly providing samples. We also thank Meng Li, Andrés Romero, Hampus Månefjord, Klas Rydhmer, Jonathan Peterson Samuel Jansson and Emma Kärrnäs for help with field work and Mikael Hedrén for letting us borrow RAD‐tag chemicals. Finally, we thank Maren Wellenreuther for early discussions and Bengt Augustsson for letting us work on his property. The authors also acknowledge support from the National Genomics Infrastructure in Stockholm funded by Science for Life Laboratory, the Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation and the Swedish Research Council, and SNIC/Uppsala Multidisciplinary Center for Advanced Computational Science for assistance with massively parallel sequencing and access to the UPPMAX computational infrastructure. This research was funded by the FORMAS grant 2018‐01061 to Mikkel Brydegaard, Anna Runemark, Carsten Kirkeby, Bengt Hansson and Anna‐Maria Jönsson. MNA also acknowledges FORMAS for funding (grant 2018‐01444). Fredrik Schlyter was supported by EXTEMIT‐K project financed by OP RDE at the Czech University of Life Sciences, Prague (CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/15‐003/0000433).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 The Authors. Ecology and Evolution published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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