Yield, nutrition, and leaf gas exchange of lettuce plants in a hydroponic system in response to Bacillus subtilis inoculation

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  • Carlos Eduardo da Silva Oliveira
  • Arshad Jalal
  • Jailson Vieira Aguilar
  • Liliane Santos de Camargos
  • Tiago Zoz
  • Ghaley, Bhim Bahadur
  • Mostafa A. Abdel-Maksoud
  • Khaloud Mohammed Alarjani
  • Hamada AbdElgawad
  • Marcelo Carvalho Minhoto Teixeira Filho
Inoculation with Bacillus subtilis is a promising approach to increase plant yield and nutrient acquisition. In this context, this study aimed to estimate the B. subtilis concentration that increases yield, gas exchange, and nutrition of lettuce plants in a hydroponic system. The research was carried out in a greenhouse in Ilha Solteira, Brazil. A randomized block design with five replications was adopted. The treatments consisted of B. subtilis concentrations in nutrient solution [0 mL “non-inoculated”, 7.8 × 103, 15.6 × 103, 31.2 × 103, and 62.4 × 103 colony forming units (CFU) mL−1 of nutrient solution]. There was an increase of 20% and 19% in number of leaves and 22% and 25% in shoot fresh mass with B. subtilis concentrations of 15.6 × 103 and 31.2 × 103 CFU mL−1 as compared to the non-inoculated plants, respectively. Also, B. subtilis concentration at 31.2 × 103 CFU mL−1 increased net photosynthesis rate by 95%, intercellular CO2 concentration by 30%, and water use efficiency by 67% as compared to the non-inoculated treatments. The concentration of 7.8 × 103 CFU mL−1 improved shoot accumulation of Ca, Mg, and S by 109%, 74%, and 69%, when compared with non-inoculated plants, respectively. Inoculation with B. subtilis at 15.6 × 103 CFU mL−1 provided the highest fresh leaves yield while inoculation at 15.6 × 103 and 31.2 × 103 CFU mL−1 increased shoot fresh mass and number of leaves. Concentrations of 7.8 × 103 and 15.6 × 103 increased shoot K accumulation. The concentrations of 7.8 × 103, 15.6 × 103, and 31.2 × 103 CFU mL−1 increased shoot N accumulation in hydroponic lettuce plants.
OriginalsprogEngelsk
Artikelnummer1248044
TidsskriftFrontiers in Plant Science
Vol/bind14
Antal sider10
ISSN1664-462X
DOI
StatusUdgivet - 2023

Bibliografisk note

Funding Information:
The authors acknowledge the São Paulo Research Foundation, FAPESP, process number 2020/11621-0, Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel Foundation (CAPES), and Horizon Europe Framework Programme (HORIZON) under grant agreement number 101079308, and CNPq productivity research grant (award number 311308/2020-1) of the last author. The authors thank the laboratories of plant nutrition (UNESP/FEIS), plant morphology and anatomy (UNESP/FEIS), and plant metabolism and physiology (UNESP/FEIS). The authors also acknowledge the seedling nursery AGROMUDAS for the seedlings provided. The authors extend their appreciation to the Researchers Supporting Project number (RSPD2023R725) King Saud University, Riyadh, Saud Arabia.

Funding Information:
The author(s) declare financial support was received for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article. This research was funded by the Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP, grant number: 2020/11621-0). The Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) granted the doctoral fellowship for the first author (CNPq/TWAS grant number: 166331/2018-0) and the research productivity fellowship (award number: 311308/2020-1) for the corresponding author. This study was supported by the ECOTWINS [Research Capacity Building and Upskilling and Upgrading the Research Team in NUBiP (Ukraine) on Agroecological Intensification for Crop Production] project. ECOTWINS has received funding from the Horizon Europe Framework Programme (HORIZON) under grant agreement number 101079308 and Researchers Supporting Project number (RSPD2023R725) King Saud University, Riyadh, Saud Arabia. Acknowledgments

Publisher Copyright:
Copyright © 2023 Oliveira, Jalal, Aguilar, de Camargos, Zoz, Ghaley, Abdel-Maksoud, Alarjani, AbdElgawad and Teixeira Filho.

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