TY - JOUR

T1 - The impact of age and obesity on outcomes among patients hospitalized with COVID-19 in Denmark

T2 - A nationwide cohort study

AU - Andersen, Anton Lund

AU - Gribsholt, Sigrid Bjerge

AU - Pedersen, Lars

AU - Thomsen, Reimar Wernich

AU - Benfield, Thomas Lars

AU - Søgaard, Ole

AU - Nielsen, Stig Lønberg

AU - Omland, Lars Haukali

AU - Lindegaard, Birgitte

AU - Richelsen, Bjørn

AU - Bodilsen, Jacob

AU - Bruun, Jens Meldgaard

N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2023 The Authors. Obesity Science & Practice published by World Obesity and The Obesity Society and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

PY - 2023

Y1 - 2023

N2 - Purpose: Obesity may alter the severity of infection with Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Age may impact the association between body weight and severity of COVID-19 in patients with obesity. The aim of the study was to examine the association between obesity and severity of infection in a Danish cohort hospitalized with COVID-19 in the initial wave of the pandemic. Patients and methods: Based on data from the nationwide, clinical database: COVID-DK, risks of intensive care unit (ICU) admission, invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV), and mortality were compared among patients with and without obesity. Interaction with age was examined and we used Inverse Probability of Treatment Weighting regression for confounder adjustment. Results: Among 524 patients, 142 (27%) were admitted to the ICU, 112 (21%) required IMV, and 109 (21%) died. Compared to COVID-19 patients without obesity, patients with obesity displayed a non-significant increased risk of ICU admission (Relative Risk [RR] 1.19, 95% Confidence Interval [CI] 0.88; 1.60), IMV (RR 1.23, CI 0.86; 1.75) and mortality (RR 1.21, CI 0.84; 1.75). COVID-19 patients with obesity, <60 years had highly increased risk of ICU admission (RR 1.92, CI 1.14; 3.24) and IMV (RR 1.95, CI 1.09; 3.49). Conclusions: In hospitalized COVID-19 patients, obesity conferred an approximately 20% increased risk for ICU admission, IMV, and death, although these relationships did not reach statistical significance. COVID-19 patients with obesity and <60 years had an almost doubled risk of ICU admission and IMV.

AB - Purpose: Obesity may alter the severity of infection with Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Age may impact the association between body weight and severity of COVID-19 in patients with obesity. The aim of the study was to examine the association between obesity and severity of infection in a Danish cohort hospitalized with COVID-19 in the initial wave of the pandemic. Patients and methods: Based on data from the nationwide, clinical database: COVID-DK, risks of intensive care unit (ICU) admission, invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV), and mortality were compared among patients with and without obesity. Interaction with age was examined and we used Inverse Probability of Treatment Weighting regression for confounder adjustment. Results: Among 524 patients, 142 (27%) were admitted to the ICU, 112 (21%) required IMV, and 109 (21%) died. Compared to COVID-19 patients without obesity, patients with obesity displayed a non-significant increased risk of ICU admission (Relative Risk [RR] 1.19, 95% Confidence Interval [CI] 0.88; 1.60), IMV (RR 1.23, CI 0.86; 1.75) and mortality (RR 1.21, CI 0.84; 1.75). COVID-19 patients with obesity, <60 years had highly increased risk of ICU admission (RR 1.92, CI 1.14; 3.24) and IMV (RR 1.95, CI 1.09; 3.49). Conclusions: In hospitalized COVID-19 patients, obesity conferred an approximately 20% increased risk for ICU admission, IMV, and death, although these relationships did not reach statistical significance. COVID-19 patients with obesity and <60 years had an almost doubled risk of ICU admission and IMV.

KW - body mass index (BMI)

KW - infections

KW - mortality

KW - obesity

U2 - 10.1002/osp4.659

DO - 10.1002/osp4.659

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 37546282

AN - SCOPUS:85146343796

VL - 9

SP - 355

EP - 363

JO - Obesity Science & Practice

JF - Obesity Science & Practice

SN - 2055-2238

IS - 4

ER -