The effect of a single SMARCA4 exon deletion on RNA splicing: Implications for variant classification

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Background: Exon deletions are generally considered pathogenic, particularly when they are located out of frame. Here, we describe a pediatric, female patient presenting with hypercalcemia and a small cell carcinoma of the ovary, hypercalcemic type, and carrying a germline de novo SMARCA4 exon 14 deletion. Methods: The SMARCA4 deletion was identified by whole genome sequencing, and the effect on the RNA level was examined by gel- and capillary electrophoresis and nanopore sequencing. Results: The deletion was in silico predicted to be truncating, but RNA analysis revealed two major transcripts with deletion of exon 14 alone or exon 14 through 15, where the latter was located in-frame. Because the patient's phenotype matched that of other patients with pathogenic germline variants in SMARCA4, the deletion was classified as likely pathogenic. Conclusion: We propose to include RNA analysis in classification of single-exon deletions, especially if located outside of known functional domains, as this can identify any disparate effects on the RNA and DNA level, which may have implications for variant classification using the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics guidelines.

OriginalsprogEngelsk
Artikelnummere2232
TidsskriftMolecular Genetics and Genomic Medicine
Vol/bind11
Udgave nummer10
Antal sider7
ISSN2324-9269
DOI
StatusUdgivet - 2023

Bibliografisk note

Funding Information:
The study (as part of the STAGING study) was funded by the Danish Childhood Cancer Foundation, Region Hovedstaden's Foundation for Health Research, the Neye Foundation, and Engineer Otto Christensen's Foundation.

Publisher Copyright:
© 2023 The Authors. Molecular Genetics & Genomic Medicine published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.

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