Nonspecific symptoms dominate at first contact to emergency healthcare services among cases with invasive meningococcal disease

Publikation: Bidrag til tidsskriftTidsskriftartikelForskningfagfællebedømt

Background: An early appropriate response is the cornerstone of treatment for invasive meningococcal disease. Little evidence exists on how cases with invasive meningococcal disease present at first contact to emergency medical services. Methods: Retrospective observational study of cases presenting with invasive meningococcal disease from January 1st of 2016 to December 31st of 2020 in the Capital Region of Denmark with a catchment area population of 1,800,000. A single medical emergency center provides services to the region. Data was collected from emergency medical services’ call audio files, data from the call receiver registrations, registrations from ambulance personal and electronic health record data from the hospitalization. Results: Of 1527 cases suspected of meningitis, 38 had invasive meningococcal disease and had been in contact with the emergency service. Most contacts were to the medical helpline rather than the emergency call center at initial contact to emergency medical services. All were hospitalized within 12 h. At initial contact, fever was present in 28 (74%) of 38 cases, while specific symptoms such as headache (n=12 (32%)), a rash or petechiae (n=9 (23%)) and stiffness of the neck (n=4 (11%)) varied and were infrequent. Cases younger than 18 years of age were more often male and more often presented with fever and rash/petechiae. Only 4 (11%) received prehospital antibiotic treatment. Conclusions: Cases with invasive meningococcal disease presented with fever and unspecific symptoms. Although few were acutely ill at their initial contact, all were admitted within 12 h. We suggest that all feverish cases should be systematically asked about specific symptoms and should be wary of symptom progression to optimize the early management if cases with invasive meningococcal disease.

OriginalsprogEngelsk
Artikelnummer240
TidsskriftBMC Family Practice
Vol/bind22
ISSN1471-2296
DOI
StatusUdgivet - 2021

Bibliografisk note

Funding Information:
Thomas Benfield reports grants from Novo Nordisk Foundation, grants from Simonsen Foundation, grants and personal fees from GSK, grants and personal fees from Pfizer, personal fees from Boehringer Ingelheim, grants and personal fees from Gilead, personal fees from MSD, grants from Lundbeck Foundation, grants from Kai Hansen Foundation, outside the submitted work.

Funding Information:
The authors wish to thank the Patient Safety Group at the Capital Region of Denmark working with meningitis and invasive meningococcal disease. Four relatives to cases with meningococcal disease were part of the task force working with meningococcal disease in the Capital Region of Denmark that initiated this study. They participated in the selection of the study?s aim and methods. Cases and the public were not involved in collection, analysis, and interpretation of the data. No third-party material was used in this manuscript.

Publisher Copyright:
© 2021, The Author(s).

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