Leukocytes in peripheral blood in patients with bipolar disorder: Trait and state alterations and association with levels of cytokines and C-reactive protein
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Leukocytes in peripheral blood in patients with bipolar disorder : Trait and state alterations and association with levels of cytokines and C-reactive protein. / Munkholm, Klaus; Jacoby, Anne Sophie; Lenskjold, Toke; Bruunsgaard, Helle; Vinberg, Maj; Kessing, Lars Vedel.
I: Psychiatry Research, Bind 261, 2018, s. 383-390.Publikation: Bidrag til tidsskrift › Tidsskriftartikel › Forskning › fagfællebedømt
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TY - JOUR
T1 - Leukocytes in peripheral blood in patients with bipolar disorder
T2 - Trait and state alterations and association with levels of cytokines and C-reactive protein
AU - Munkholm, Klaus
AU - Jacoby, Anne Sophie
AU - Lenskjold, Toke
AU - Bruunsgaard, Helle
AU - Vinberg, Maj
AU - Kessing, Lars Vedel
N1 - Copyright © 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
PY - 2018
Y1 - 2018
N2 - Low-grade inflammation has been found in patients with bipolar disorder (BD), but rarely assessed using leukocyte counts and findings are limited by lack of control for confounding factors. As a result, it is unclear whether BD per se is associated with peripheral inflammation. We pooled populations from two studies using similar longitudinal designs, including 300 blood samples from a total of 97 patients with BD and 133 blood samples from a total of 72 healthy control individuals (HC). Total leukocyte and neutrophil counts were measured together with interleukin (IL) - 6, IL-8, IL-18, tumor necrosis factor (TNF) - α and high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP). Adjusted for confounders, leukocyte counts were 23% higher and neutrophil counts were 30% higher in patients with BD compared with HC. There were no state-related differences in leukocyte or neutrophil counts. Lithium use, cigarette smoking as well as levels of IL-6, TNF-α and hsCRP were positively associated with leukocyte and neutrophil counts. Due to confounding issues it cannot be concluded that differences were related to bipolar disorder per se. Future studies are recommended to include leukocytes as markers of low-grade inflammation and to include relevant confounders in statistical analyses.
AB - Low-grade inflammation has been found in patients with bipolar disorder (BD), but rarely assessed using leukocyte counts and findings are limited by lack of control for confounding factors. As a result, it is unclear whether BD per se is associated with peripheral inflammation. We pooled populations from two studies using similar longitudinal designs, including 300 blood samples from a total of 97 patients with BD and 133 blood samples from a total of 72 healthy control individuals (HC). Total leukocyte and neutrophil counts were measured together with interleukin (IL) - 6, IL-8, IL-18, tumor necrosis factor (TNF) - α and high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP). Adjusted for confounders, leukocyte counts were 23% higher and neutrophil counts were 30% higher in patients with BD compared with HC. There were no state-related differences in leukocyte or neutrophil counts. Lithium use, cigarette smoking as well as levels of IL-6, TNF-α and hsCRP were positively associated with leukocyte and neutrophil counts. Due to confounding issues it cannot be concluded that differences were related to bipolar disorder per se. Future studies are recommended to include leukocytes as markers of low-grade inflammation and to include relevant confounders in statistical analyses.
KW - Adult
KW - Biomarkers/blood
KW - Bipolar Disorder/blood
KW - C-Reactive Protein/metabolism
KW - Cytokines/blood
KW - Female
KW - Humans
KW - Interleukin-18/blood
KW - Interleukin-6/blood
KW - Leukocytes/metabolism
KW - Longitudinal Studies
KW - Male
KW - Middle Aged
KW - Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/blood
U2 - 10.1016/j.psychres.2018.01.022
DO - 10.1016/j.psychres.2018.01.022
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 29353768
VL - 261
SP - 383
EP - 390
JO - Psychiatry Research
JF - Psychiatry Research
SN - 0165-1781
ER -
ID: 213038874