TY - JOUR

T1 - Interfacial Catalysis during Amylolytic Degradation of Starch Granules

T2 - Current Understanding and Kinetic Approaches

AU - Tian, Yu

AU - Wang, Yu

AU - Zhong, Yuyue

AU - Møller, Marie Sofie

AU - Westh, Peter

AU - Svensson, Birte

AU - Blennow, Andreas

N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2023 by the authors.

PY - 2023

Y1 - 2023

N2 - Enzymatic hydrolysis of starch granules forms the fundamental basis of how nature degrades starch in plant cells, how starch is utilized as an energy resource in foods, and develops efficient, low-cost saccharification of starch, such as bioethanol and sweeteners. However, most investigations on starch hydrolysis have focused on its rates of degradation, either in its gelatinized or soluble state. These systems are inherently more well-defined, and kinetic parameters can be readily derived for different hydrolytic enzymes and starch molecular structures. Conversely, hydrolysis is notably slower for solid substrates, such as starch granules, and the kinetics are more complex. The main problems include that the surface of the substrate is multifaceted, its chemical and physical properties are ill-defined, and it also continuously changes as the hydrolysis proceeds. Hence, methods need to be developed for analyzing such heterogeneous catalytic systems. Most data on starch granule degradation are obtained on a long-term enzyme-action basis from which initial rates cannot be derived. In this review, we discuss these various aspects and future possibilities for developing experimental procedures to describe and understand interfacial enzyme hydrolysis of native starch granules more accurately.

AB - Enzymatic hydrolysis of starch granules forms the fundamental basis of how nature degrades starch in plant cells, how starch is utilized as an energy resource in foods, and develops efficient, low-cost saccharification of starch, such as bioethanol and sweeteners. However, most investigations on starch hydrolysis have focused on its rates of degradation, either in its gelatinized or soluble state. These systems are inherently more well-defined, and kinetic parameters can be readily derived for different hydrolytic enzymes and starch molecular structures. Conversely, hydrolysis is notably slower for solid substrates, such as starch granules, and the kinetics are more complex. The main problems include that the surface of the substrate is multifaceted, its chemical and physical properties are ill-defined, and it also continuously changes as the hydrolysis proceeds. Hence, methods need to be developed for analyzing such heterogeneous catalytic systems. Most data on starch granule degradation are obtained on a long-term enzyme-action basis from which initial rates cannot be derived. In this review, we discuss these various aspects and future possibilities for developing experimental procedures to describe and understand interfacial enzyme hydrolysis of native starch granules more accurately.

KW - amylase

KW - enzyme kinetics

KW - interfacial catalysis

KW - starch

KW - starch granules

U2 - 10.3390/molecules28093799

DO - 10.3390/molecules28093799

M3 - Review

C2 - 37175208

AN - SCOPUS:85159338034

VL - 28

JO - Molecules

JF - Molecules

SN - 1420-3049

IS - 9

M1 - 3799

ER -