This exploratory report identifies commonalities and differences in the approaches to the education and training of Muslim religious personnel, highlights examples of best practice models und thus, stimulates a constructive discussion reaching beyond national and institutional borders. Eleven country correspondents contributed to this publication, edited and written by Dr Niels Valdemar Vinding and Dr Raida Chbib. Based on their reports and comparative presentation of examples from different nations, it provides general recommendations for a better and more sustainable development of education and training of Muslim religious professionals in Europe and North America