Early presence of Homo sapiens in Southeast Asia by 86–68 kyr at Tam Pà Ling, Northern Laos

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  • Sarah E. Freidline
  • Kira E. Westaway
  • Renaud Joannes-Boyau
  • Philippe Duringer
  • Jean-Luc Ponche
  • Mike W. Morley
  • Vito C. Hernandez
  • Meghan S. McAllister-Hayward
  • Clément Zanolli
  • Philipp Gunz
  • Inga Bergmann
  • Phonephanh Sichanthongtip
  • Daovee Sihanam
  • Souliphane Boualaphane
  • Thonglith Luangkhoth
  • Viengkeo Souksavatdy
  • Anthony Dosseto
  • Quentin Boesch
  • Elise Patole-Edoumba
  • Françoise Aubaile
  • Françoise Crozier
  • Eric Suzzoni
  • Sébastien Frangeul
  • Nicolas Bourgon
  • Alexandra Zachwieja
  • Tyler E. Dunn
  • Anne-Marie Bacon
  • Jean-Jacques Hublin
  • Laura Shackelford

The timing of the first arrival of Homo sapiens in East Asia from Africa and the degree to which they interbred with or replaced local archaic populations is controversial. Previous discoveries from Tam Pà Ling cave (Laos) identified H. sapiens in Southeast Asia by at least 46 kyr. We report on a recently discovered frontal bone (TPL 6) and tibial fragment (TPL 7) found in the deepest layers of TPL. Bayesian modeling of luminescence dating of sediments and U-series and combined U-series-ESR dating of mammalian teeth reveals a depositional sequence spanning ~86 kyr. TPL 6 confirms the presence of H. sapiens by 70 ± 3 kyr, and TPL 7 extends this range to 77 ± 9 kyr, supporting an early dispersal of H. sapiens into Southeast Asia. Geometric morphometric analyses of TPL 6 suggest descent from a gracile immigrant population rather than evolution from or admixture with local archaic populations.

OriginalsprogEngelsk
Artikelnummer3193
TidsskriftNature Communications
Vol/bind14
Antal sider21
ISSN2041-1723
DOI
StatusUdgivet - 2023

Bibliografisk note

Funding Information:
We thank the Ministry of Information, Culture and Tourism of Laos PDR for encouraging and supporting our work, marking 20 years of collaboration. We thank the authorities of Xon district, Hua Pan Province, and the villagers of Long Gua Pa village for their continuous support of our numerous fieldworks. K.E.W. and M.W.M. are supported by the Australian Research Council (ARC) with a Discovery grant (DP170101597) and a Future Fellowship (FT180100309), respectively. L.S. was supported by the National Geographic Society (NGS-399R-18). Additional funding has been provided by several laboratories in France (UMR7206, MNHN (F.D.)/University Paris Diderot/Sorbonne Paris Cité; FRE2029/UMR8045 Babel CNRS/Université de Paris (A-M.B.); Université de Strasbourg, (P.D.) and the Department of Human Evolution, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany. Warm thanks to Sodipram company and Porte-rêves association, France, for their continued financial support all these years (F.D.). We thank the following scientists, institutions, curators and museums for attending the excavations or for providing access to fossil and recent humans: Nguyen Anh Tuan, Nguyen Thi Mai Huong, Patrick Semal, Institut royal des Sciences naturelles de Belgique, Brussels; Collections d’anthropologie, MNHN-Musée de l’Homme, Paris, Philippe Mennecier, Serge Bahuchet, Aurelie Fort, Véronique Laborde, Liliana Huet, Antoine Balzeau, Martin Friess, Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris; Didier Berthet, Arnaud Mazurier, Musée des Confluences, Lyon; Roberto Macchiarelli Université de Poitiers; Montserrat Sanz, Joan Daura, Antonio Rosas, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, Madrid; Mauro Rubini, Anthropological Service of S.A.B.A.P.-RM-MET, Rome; Daniel E. Lieberman, Michèle Morgan, Katherine Meyers (Associate Archivist), Peabody Museum of Archeology and Ethnology, Harvard; Israel Hershkovitz, Baruch Arensburg, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University; Rockefeller Museum Jerusalem; Abdelouahed Ben-Ncer, Mohammed Abdeljalil El Hajraoui, and Samir Raoui, Institut National des Sciences du Patrimoine et de l’Archéologie and “Direction du Patrimoine Culturel”, Rabat; Wendy Black, Miss Erica Bartnick, W. Seconna, Iziko Museums of South Africa, Cape Town; V. Gibbons, University of Cape Town, South Africa; Bernhard Zipfel, Medical School of the University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg; Dongju Zhang, College of Earth Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University; and A. Santos, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Portugal. We thank Prof. C. Marsault and I. Laurenson for providing us with scanner facilities (Radiology Department, Hopital Tenon, Paris), and David Plotzki, Heiko Temming, and Andreas Wintzer (technicians) from the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology for assistance with CT scanning and reconstructing computed tomography data.

Funding Information:
We thank the Ministry of Information, Culture and Tourism of Laos PDR for encouraging and supporting our work, marking 20 years of collaboration. We thank the authorities of Xon district, Hua Pan Province, and the villagers of Long Gua Pa village for their continuous support of our numerous fieldworks. K.E.W. and M.W.M. are supported by the Australian Research Council (ARC) with a Discovery grant (DP170101597) and a Future Fellowship (FT180100309), respectively. L.S. was supported by the National Geographic Society (NGS-399R-18). Additional funding has been provided by several laboratories in France (UMR7206, MNHN (F.D.)/University Paris Diderot/Sorbonne Paris Cité; FRE2029/UMR8045 Babel CNRS/Université de Paris (A-M.B.); Université de Strasbourg, (P.D.) and the Department of Human Evolution, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany. Warm thanks to Sodipram company and Porte-rêves association, France, for their continued financial support all these years (F.D.). We thank the following scientists, institutions, curators and museums for attending the excavations or for providing access to fossil and recent humans: Nguyen Anh Tuan, Nguyen Thi Mai Huong, Patrick Semal, Institut royal des Sciences naturelles de Belgique, Brussels; Collections d’anthropologie, MNHN-Musée de l’Homme, Paris, Philippe Mennecier, Serge Bahuchet, Aurelie Fort, Véronique Laborde, Liliana Huet, Antoine Balzeau, Martin Friess, Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris; Didier Berthet, Arnaud Mazurier, Musée des Confluences, Lyon; Roberto Macchiarelli Université de Poitiers; Montserrat Sanz, Joan Daura, Antonio Rosas, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, Madrid; Mauro Rubini, Anthropological Service of S.A.B.A.P.-RM-MET, Rome; Daniel E. Lieberman, Michèle Morgan, Katherine Meyers (Associate Archivist), Peabody Museum of Archeology and Ethnology, Harvard; Israel Hershkovitz, Baruch Arensburg, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University; Rockefeller Museum Jerusalem; Abdelouahed Ben-Ncer, Mohammed Abdeljalil El Hajraoui, and Samir Raoui, Institut National des Sciences du Patrimoine et de l’Archéologie and “Direction du Patrimoine Culturel”, Rabat; Wendy Black, Miss Erica Bartnick, W. Seconna, Iziko Museums of South Africa, Cape Town; V. Gibbons, University of Cape Town, South Africa; Bernhard Zipfel, Medical School of the University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg; Dongju Zhang, College of Earth Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University; and A. Santos, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Portugal. We thank Prof. C. Marsault and I. Laurenson for providing us with scanner facilities (Radiology Department, Hopital Tenon, Paris), and David Plotzki, Heiko Temming, and Andreas Wintzer (technicians) from the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology for assistance with CT scanning and reconstructing computed tomography data. The team would like to pay tribute to professors Yves Coppens and Thongsa Sayavongkhamdy who supported our work all of the years since 2003 and without their help none of our current research in the region would have been possible.

Publisher Copyright:
© 2023, The Author(s).

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