Experimental approaches primarily focused on genetic and microscopic techniques have laid the foundation for our current models of bacterial biofilm formation. This work has enabled researchers to define biofilm formation as a process that consists of specific stages. The biofilm developmental cycle is believed to include (i) initial attachment of microbes to a surface or each other, (ii) formation of microcolonies, (iii) maturation of the biofilm, and (iv) dispersal of the biofilm (e.g., reference1). The different biofilm stages include bacterial physiology and phenotypic responses suggestive of the existence of a unique biofilm biology which is not found for planktonic bacteria.