Vitamin D as a prognostic biomarker in COVID-19: single-center study and meta-analyses
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Vitamin D as a prognostic biomarker in COVID-19 : single-center study and meta-analyses. / Novakovic, Vasilije; Benfield, Thomas; Jørgensen, Henrik Løvendahl; Mitchell, Nikki Have.
In: Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation, Vol. 83, No. 3, 2023, p. 173-182.Research output: Contribution to journal › Journal article › Research › peer-review
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TY - JOUR
T1 - Vitamin D as a prognostic biomarker in COVID-19
T2 - single-center study and meta-analyses
AU - Novakovic, Vasilije
AU - Benfield, Thomas
AU - Jørgensen, Henrik Løvendahl
AU - Mitchell, Nikki Have
N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2023 Medisinsk Fysiologisk Forenings Forlag (MFFF).
PY - 2023
Y1 - 2023
N2 - Vitamin D was investigated as a prognostic biomarker in COVID-19, in relation to both disease susceptibility and outcomes in infected individuals. Patients admitted to the hospital with a confirmed COVID-19 diagnosis were included if they had a vitamin D measurement prior to hospitalization. Using age- and sex-matched controls, vitamin D levels were investigated for an association with COVID-19 related hospitalizations. Further, vitamin D levels were investigated for an association with 30-day mortality in hospitalized COVID-19 patients. Additionally, three meta-analyses were conducted, investigating the association of vitamin D with the following outcomes: Having a positive SARS-CoV-2 test, hospitalization with COVID-19, and mortality in COVID-19 patients. A total of 685 hospitalized COVID-19 patients were included in the single-center study. Compared to controls, they had higher vitamin D levels. Unadjusted analysis of these 685 cases found higher vitamin D levels associated with increased 30-day mortality. This association disappeared after adjusting for age. In the fully adjusted model, no association between vitamin D and 30-day mortality was found. The meta-analyses found significant associations between lower vitamin D and having a positive SARS-CoV-2 test, and mortality among hospital-admitted COVID-19 patients. The relationship between lower vitamin D and COVID-19 related hospital admissions trended towards being positive but was not statistically significant. Many factors seem to influence the associations between vitamin D and COVID-19 related outcomes. Consequently, we do not believe that vitamin D in and of itself is likely to be a clinically useful and widely applicable predictor for the susceptibility and severity of COVID-19 infections.
AB - Vitamin D was investigated as a prognostic biomarker in COVID-19, in relation to both disease susceptibility and outcomes in infected individuals. Patients admitted to the hospital with a confirmed COVID-19 diagnosis were included if they had a vitamin D measurement prior to hospitalization. Using age- and sex-matched controls, vitamin D levels were investigated for an association with COVID-19 related hospitalizations. Further, vitamin D levels were investigated for an association with 30-day mortality in hospitalized COVID-19 patients. Additionally, three meta-analyses were conducted, investigating the association of vitamin D with the following outcomes: Having a positive SARS-CoV-2 test, hospitalization with COVID-19, and mortality in COVID-19 patients. A total of 685 hospitalized COVID-19 patients were included in the single-center study. Compared to controls, they had higher vitamin D levels. Unadjusted analysis of these 685 cases found higher vitamin D levels associated with increased 30-day mortality. This association disappeared after adjusting for age. In the fully adjusted model, no association between vitamin D and 30-day mortality was found. The meta-analyses found significant associations between lower vitamin D and having a positive SARS-CoV-2 test, and mortality among hospital-admitted COVID-19 patients. The relationship between lower vitamin D and COVID-19 related hospital admissions trended towards being positive but was not statistically significant. Many factors seem to influence the associations between vitamin D and COVID-19 related outcomes. Consequently, we do not believe that vitamin D in and of itself is likely to be a clinically useful and widely applicable predictor for the susceptibility and severity of COVID-19 infections.
KW - (MeSH): vitamin D
KW - COVID-19
KW - hospitalization
KW - mortality
KW - SARS-CoV-2
KW - vitamin D deficiency
U2 - 10.1080/00365513.2023.2191333
DO - 10.1080/00365513.2023.2191333
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 37067370
AN - SCOPUS:85153328950
VL - 83
SP - 173
EP - 182
JO - Scandinavian Journal of Clinical & Laboratory Investigation
JF - Scandinavian Journal of Clinical & Laboratory Investigation
SN - 0036-5513
IS - 3
ER -
ID: 366544256