TY - JOUR

T1 - The effect of oxygen tension on porcine embryonic development is dependent on embryo type.

AU - Booth, Paul J

AU - Holm, Peter

AU - Callesen, Henrik

PY - 2005/4

Y1 - 2005/4

N2 - Reducing oxygen concentration from atmospheric levels during in vitro culture generally, but not invariably, improves embryonic development across a range of species. Since the few published reports of such an action in the pig are contradictory--perhaps a consequence of the derivation of the embryos prior to culture--a study was performed to examine the effect of O2 tension during culture on three different types of porcine embryos, namely: in vivo flushed embryos, and in vitro matured oocytes either fertilized in vitro or parthenogenetically activated. In vivo embryos (n=208) were flushed at the 2-8 cell stage. Cumulus oocyte complexes (COCs) destined for IVF or parthenogenetic activation were derived from 2 to 6 mm, post-pubertal ovarian follicles and matured for 48 h in TCM-199. Parthenogenones were generated by activating denuded oocytes (n=573) with 10 mM calcium ionophore, followed by 2 mM DMAP prior to culture. The IVF embryos (n=971) were produced by fertilizing COCs (day 0) with fresh ejaculated semen in modified tris-based medium for 6 h before cumulus removal. All embryos were cultured in BECM-3 containing 12 mg/mL fatty-acid-free BSA up to day 4, followed by BECM-3 supplemented with 10% calf serum until day 7. The gas environment for IVM/IVF was 5% CO2 in air, while that for IVC was either 5% CO2 in air or 5% O2, 5% CO2 and 90% N2. Low O2 tension increased both day 7 blastocyst rates (high versus low O2, respectively; 9.3+/-2.9%: 26/280; 23.9+/-4.2%: 71/293; P

AB - Reducing oxygen concentration from atmospheric levels during in vitro culture generally, but not invariably, improves embryonic development across a range of species. Since the few published reports of such an action in the pig are contradictory--perhaps a consequence of the derivation of the embryos prior to culture--a study was performed to examine the effect of O2 tension during culture on three different types of porcine embryos, namely: in vivo flushed embryos, and in vitro matured oocytes either fertilized in vitro or parthenogenetically activated. In vivo embryos (n=208) were flushed at the 2-8 cell stage. Cumulus oocyte complexes (COCs) destined for IVF or parthenogenetic activation were derived from 2 to 6 mm, post-pubertal ovarian follicles and matured for 48 h in TCM-199. Parthenogenones were generated by activating denuded oocytes (n=573) with 10 mM calcium ionophore, followed by 2 mM DMAP prior to culture. The IVF embryos (n=971) were produced by fertilizing COCs (day 0) with fresh ejaculated semen in modified tris-based medium for 6 h before cumulus removal. All embryos were cultured in BECM-3 containing 12 mg/mL fatty-acid-free BSA up to day 4, followed by BECM-3 supplemented with 10% calf serum until day 7. The gas environment for IVM/IVF was 5% CO2 in air, while that for IVC was either 5% CO2 in air or 5% O2, 5% CO2 and 90% N2. Low O2 tension increased both day 7 blastocyst rates (high versus low O2, respectively; 9.3+/-2.9%: 26/280; 23.9+/-4.2%: 71/293; P

KW - Animals

KW - Blastocyst

KW - Blastocyst: physiology

KW - Culture Techniques

KW - Culture Techniques: methods

KW - Culture Techniques: veterinary

KW - Embryonic Development

KW - Embryonic Development: physiology

KW - Female

KW - Fertilization in Vitro

KW - Fertilization in Vitro: methods

KW - Fertilization in Vitro: veterinary

KW - Insemination, Artificial

KW - Insemination, Artificial: veterinary

KW - Logistic Models

KW - Male

KW - Oxygen

KW - Oxygen: administration & dosage

KW - Parthenogenesis

KW - Parthenogenesis: physiology

KW - Pregnancy

KW - Swine

KW - Swine: embryology

U2 - 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2004.10.001

DO - 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2004.10.001

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 15823359

VL - 63

SP - 2040

EP - 2052

JO - Theriogenology

JF - Theriogenology

SN - 0093-691X

IS - 7

ER -