TY - CHAP

T1 - Sleep Disorders

AU - Kornum, Birgitte Rahbek

AU - Mignot, Emmanuel

PY - 2015/1/1

Y1 - 2015/1/1

N2 - Mammalian sleep has evolved under the influence of the day-night cycle and in response to reproductive needs, food seeking, and predator avoidance, resulting in circadian (predictive) and homeostatic (reactive) regulation. A molecular clock characterized by transcription/translation feedback loops mediates circadian regulation of sleep. Misalignment with the rhythm of the sun results in circadian disorders and jet lag. The molecular basis of homeostatic sleep regulation is mostly unknown. A network of mutually inhibitory brain nuclei regulates sleep states and sleep-wake transitions. Abnormalities in these networks create sleep disorders, including rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder, sleep walking, and narcolepsy. Physiological changes associated with sleep can be imbalanced, resulting in excess movements such as periodic leg movements during sleep or abnormal breathing in obstructive sleep apneas. As every organ in the body is affected by sleep directly or indirectly, sleep and sleep-associated disorders are frequent and only now starting to be understood.

AB - Mammalian sleep has evolved under the influence of the day-night cycle and in response to reproductive needs, food seeking, and predator avoidance, resulting in circadian (predictive) and homeostatic (reactive) regulation. A molecular clock characterized by transcription/translation feedback loops mediates circadian regulation of sleep. Misalignment with the rhythm of the sun results in circadian disorders and jet lag. The molecular basis of homeostatic sleep regulation is mostly unknown. A network of mutually inhibitory brain nuclei regulates sleep states and sleep-wake transitions. Abnormalities in these networks create sleep disorders, including rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder, sleep walking, and narcolepsy. Physiological changes associated with sleep can be imbalanced, resulting in excess movements such as periodic leg movements during sleep or abnormal breathing in obstructive sleep apneas. As every organ in the body is affected by sleep directly or indirectly, sleep and sleep-associated disorders are frequent and only now starting to be understood.

KW - Circadian rhythm

KW - Narcolepsy

KW - Rapid eye movement behavior disorder

KW - Restless legs syndrome

KW - Sleep

KW - Sleep homeostasis

U2 - 10.1016/B978-0-12-398270-4.00036-7

DO - 10.1016/B978-0-12-398270-4.00036-7

M3 - Book chapter

SN - 9780123982704

SP - 585

EP - 611

BT - Neurobiology of Brain Disorders

A2 - Zigmond, Michael J.

A2 - Rowland, Lewis P.

A2 - Coyle, Joseph T.

PB - Elsevier Science Inc.

CY - London

ER -