Silicone wristbands as personal passive samplers of exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls in contaminated buildings
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Silicone wristbands as personal passive samplers of exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls in contaminated buildings. / Frederiksen, Marie; Andersen, Helle Vibeke; Ovesen, Sofie Lillelund; Vorkamp, Katrin; Hammel, Stephanie C.; Knudsen, Lisbeth E.
In: Environment International, Vol. 167, 107397, 2022.Research output: Contribution to journal › Journal article › Research › peer-review
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TY - JOUR
T1 - Silicone wristbands as personal passive samplers of exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls in contaminated buildings
AU - Frederiksen, Marie
AU - Andersen, Helle Vibeke
AU - Ovesen, Sofie Lillelund
AU - Vorkamp, Katrin
AU - Hammel, Stephanie C.
AU - Knudsen, Lisbeth E.
PY - 2022
Y1 - 2022
N2 - Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were used in a number of industrial products from 1950 to 80s, including building materials. As a result, some buildings exhibit high levels of PCBs in the indoor environment. The aim of this study was to test silicone wristbands as a method for estimating personal exposure to PCBs in buildings both in controlled experiments and field settings. In the controlled study, the sampling kinetics of silicone wristbands were investigated in a 31-day uptake study. The field study focused on the application of wristbands as a personal exposure measure. It included 71 persons in a contaminated housing estate and 23 persons in a reference group. The linear uptake of PCBs ranged from 2 to 24 days for PCB-8, 18, 28, 31, 40, 44, 49, 52, 66, 99, and 101 under controlled conditions. A generic sampling rate (R-k) of 2.3 m(3) d(-1) corresponding to a mass transfer coefficient of 17 m h(-1) was found in the controlled kinetic study. Partitioning coefficients were also determined for the nine congeners. In the field study, an apparent generic field sampling rate (R-f) of 2.6 m(3) d(-1) was found; when adjusted to reported hours exposed, it increased to 3.5 m(3) d(-1). The wristbands were shown to be a good tool for predicting airborne exposure, as there was a highly significant difference between the exposed and reference group as well as a clear trend when used for ranking of exposure. In correlation analyses, highly significant correlations were observed between air and wristband levels, though adjusting by self-reported exposure time only increased the correlation marginally in the field study. The obtained kinetic data can be used for estimating the magnitude of external exposure. The advantages provided by the wristbands in the form of easy use and handling are significant, though the limitations should also be acknowledged.
AB - Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were used in a number of industrial products from 1950 to 80s, including building materials. As a result, some buildings exhibit high levels of PCBs in the indoor environment. The aim of this study was to test silicone wristbands as a method for estimating personal exposure to PCBs in buildings both in controlled experiments and field settings. In the controlled study, the sampling kinetics of silicone wristbands were investigated in a 31-day uptake study. The field study focused on the application of wristbands as a personal exposure measure. It included 71 persons in a contaminated housing estate and 23 persons in a reference group. The linear uptake of PCBs ranged from 2 to 24 days for PCB-8, 18, 28, 31, 40, 44, 49, 52, 66, 99, and 101 under controlled conditions. A generic sampling rate (R-k) of 2.3 m(3) d(-1) corresponding to a mass transfer coefficient of 17 m h(-1) was found in the controlled kinetic study. Partitioning coefficients were also determined for the nine congeners. In the field study, an apparent generic field sampling rate (R-f) of 2.6 m(3) d(-1) was found; when adjusted to reported hours exposed, it increased to 3.5 m(3) d(-1). The wristbands were shown to be a good tool for predicting airborne exposure, as there was a highly significant difference between the exposed and reference group as well as a clear trend when used for ranking of exposure. In correlation analyses, highly significant correlations were observed between air and wristband levels, though adjusting by self-reported exposure time only increased the correlation marginally in the field study. The obtained kinetic data can be used for estimating the magnitude of external exposure. The advantages provided by the wristbands in the form of easy use and handling are significant, though the limitations should also be acknowledged.
KW - Indoor air
KW - PCB
KW - Human exposure
KW - Partitioning coefficient
KW - Sampling rate
KW - AIR
KW - PCBS
U2 - 10.1016/j.envint.2022.107397
DO - 10.1016/j.envint.2022.107397
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 35933843
VL - 167
JO - Environment international
JF - Environment international
SN - 0160-4120
M1 - 107397
ER -
ID: 320920681