TY - JOUR

T1 - Quantification of cross-vendor variation in ADC measurements in vendor-specific prostate MRI-protocols

AU - Møller, Jakob M.

AU - Boesen, Lars

AU - Hansen, Adam Espe

AU - Kettles, Karen

AU - Løgager, Vibeke

N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2023 Elsevier B.V.

PY - 2023

Y1 - 2023

N2 - Purpose: The purpose of this study was to quantify the variability of Apparent Diffusion Coefficient (ADC) and test if there were statistically significant differences in ADC between MRI systems and sequences. Method: With a two-chamber cylindrical ADC phantom with fixed ADC values (1,000 and 1,600x10−6 mm2/s) a single-shot (ss) Echo Planar Imaging (EPI), a multi-shot EPI, a reduced field of view DWI (zoom) and a Turbo Spin Echo DWI sequence were tested in six MRI systems from three vendors at 1.5 T and 3 T. Technical parameters were according to Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System Version 2.1. ADC maps were calculated by vendor specific algorithms. Absolute and relative differences in ADC from the phantom-ADC were calculated and differences between sequences were tested. Results: At 3 T absolute differences from phantom given ADC (∼1,000 and ∼ 1,600x10−6 mm2/s) were −83 – 42x10−6 mm2/s (-8.3%-4.2%) and −48 – 15x10−6 mm2/s (-3%-0.9%), respectively and at 1.5 T absolute differences were −81 – 26x10−6 mm2/s (-2.6%-8.1%) and −74 – 67x10−6 mm2/s (-4.6%-4.2%), respectively. Significant statistical differences in ADC measurements were identified between vendors in all sequences except for ssEPI and zoom at 3 T in the 1,600x10−6 mm2/s phantom chamber. Significant differences were also identified between ADC measurements at 1.5 T and 3 T in some of the sequences and vendors, but not all. Conclusion: The variation of ADC between different MRI systems and prostate specific DWI sequences is limited in this phantom study and without apparent clinical relevance. However, prospective multicenter studies of prostate cancer patients are needed for further investigation.

AB - Purpose: The purpose of this study was to quantify the variability of Apparent Diffusion Coefficient (ADC) and test if there were statistically significant differences in ADC between MRI systems and sequences. Method: With a two-chamber cylindrical ADC phantom with fixed ADC values (1,000 and 1,600x10−6 mm2/s) a single-shot (ss) Echo Planar Imaging (EPI), a multi-shot EPI, a reduced field of view DWI (zoom) and a Turbo Spin Echo DWI sequence were tested in six MRI systems from three vendors at 1.5 T and 3 T. Technical parameters were according to Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System Version 2.1. ADC maps were calculated by vendor specific algorithms. Absolute and relative differences in ADC from the phantom-ADC were calculated and differences between sequences were tested. Results: At 3 T absolute differences from phantom given ADC (∼1,000 and ∼ 1,600x10−6 mm2/s) were −83 – 42x10−6 mm2/s (-8.3%-4.2%) and −48 – 15x10−6 mm2/s (-3%-0.9%), respectively and at 1.5 T absolute differences were −81 – 26x10−6 mm2/s (-2.6%-8.1%) and −74 – 67x10−6 mm2/s (-4.6%-4.2%), respectively. Significant statistical differences in ADC measurements were identified between vendors in all sequences except for ssEPI and zoom at 3 T in the 1,600x10−6 mm2/s phantom chamber. Significant differences were also identified between ADC measurements at 1.5 T and 3 T in some of the sequences and vendors, but not all. Conclusion: The variation of ADC between different MRI systems and prostate specific DWI sequences is limited in this phantom study and without apparent clinical relevance. However, prospective multicenter studies of prostate cancer patients are needed for further investigation.

KW - ADC

KW - MRI

KW - Phantom study

KW - PI-RADS

KW - Prostate cancer

U2 - 10.1016/j.ejrad.2023.110942

DO - 10.1016/j.ejrad.2023.110942

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 37364483

AN - SCOPUS:85162934488

VL - 165

JO - European Journal of Radiology

JF - European Journal of Radiology

SN - 0720-048X

M1 - 110942

ER -