Pharmacokinetics of two randomized trials evaluating the safety and efficacy of indinavir, saquinavir and lopinavir in combination with low-dose ritonavir: the MaxCmin1 and 2 trials
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Pharmacokinetics of two randomized trials evaluating the safety and efficacy of indinavir, saquinavir and lopinavir in combination with low-dose ritonavir: the MaxCmin1 and 2 trials. / Justesen, Ulrik; Fox, Zoe; Pedersen, Court; Cahn, Pedro; Gerstoft, Jan; Clumeck, Nathan; Losso, Marcello; Peters, Barry; Obel, Niels; Castagna, Antonella; Dragsted, Ulrik B; Lundgren, Jens D; MaxCmin1 and 2 trial groups.
In: Basic & Clinical Pharmacology & Toxicology, Vol. 101, No. 5, 2007, p. 339-344.Research output: Contribution to journal › Journal article › Research › peer-review
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TY - JOUR
T1 - Pharmacokinetics of two randomized trials evaluating the safety and efficacy of indinavir, saquinavir and lopinavir in combination with low-dose ritonavir: the MaxCmin1 and 2 trials
AU - Justesen, Ulrik
AU - Fox, Zoe
AU - Pedersen, Court
AU - Cahn, Pedro
AU - Gerstoft, Jan
AU - Clumeck, Nathan
AU - Losso, Marcello
AU - Peters, Barry
AU - Obel, Niels
AU - Castagna, Antonella
AU - Dragsted, Ulrik B
AU - Lundgren, Jens D
AU - MaxCmin1 and 2 trial groups
PY - 2007
Y1 - 2007
N2 - Our objective was to identify possible differences in protease inhibitor plasma concentrations between and within three protease inhibitor regimens (indinavir, saquinavir and lopinavir all in combination with low-dose ritonavir) and to relate these differences to safety and efficacy. Data originated from pre-defined pharmacokinetic substudies within two randomized 48-week trials evaluating the safety and efficacy of three protease inhibitor regimens. At weeks 4 and 48, plasma was collected and minimum drug plasma concentrations, C(min), were obtained. Out of 656 randomized patients, 283 patients had available C(min) at week 4. Indinavir, saquinavir and lopinavir C(min) were high when combined with low-dose ritonavir. No significant difference in the proportion of patients experiencing treatment failure could be found according to the C(min) within any treatment arm. A saquinavir C(min) > 2000 ng/ml was associated with an increased risk of gastrointestinal grade 3 or 4 adverse events and higher total cholesterol. Overall, there were no changes in C(min) from week 4 to week 48 in patients who remained on therapy. No association between treatment failure and the C(min) could be demonstrated. Associations between high C(min) and toxicity were identified in the saquinavir arm; therefore, dose reductions may be appropriate in certain patients with C(min) several times above the minimum effective concentration.
AB - Our objective was to identify possible differences in protease inhibitor plasma concentrations between and within three protease inhibitor regimens (indinavir, saquinavir and lopinavir all in combination with low-dose ritonavir) and to relate these differences to safety and efficacy. Data originated from pre-defined pharmacokinetic substudies within two randomized 48-week trials evaluating the safety and efficacy of three protease inhibitor regimens. At weeks 4 and 48, plasma was collected and minimum drug plasma concentrations, C(min), were obtained. Out of 656 randomized patients, 283 patients had available C(min) at week 4. Indinavir, saquinavir and lopinavir C(min) were high when combined with low-dose ritonavir. No significant difference in the proportion of patients experiencing treatment failure could be found according to the C(min) within any treatment arm. A saquinavir C(min) > 2000 ng/ml was associated with an increased risk of gastrointestinal grade 3 or 4 adverse events and higher total cholesterol. Overall, there were no changes in C(min) from week 4 to week 48 in patients who remained on therapy. No association between treatment failure and the C(min) could be demonstrated. Associations between high C(min) and toxicity were identified in the saquinavir arm; therefore, dose reductions may be appropriate in certain patients with C(min) several times above the minimum effective concentration.
KW - Adult
KW - Double-Blind Method
KW - Drug Combinations
KW - Female
KW - HIV Infections
KW - HIV Protease Inhibitors
KW - HIV-1
KW - Humans
KW - Indinavir
KW - Lopinavir
KW - Male
KW - Middle Aged
KW - Pyrimidinones
KW - Ritonavir
KW - Saquinavir
KW - Treatment Failure
U2 - 10.1111/j.1742-7843.2007.00117.x
DO - 10.1111/j.1742-7843.2007.00117.x
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 17910618
VL - 101
SP - 339
EP - 344
JO - Basic and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology
JF - Basic and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology
SN - 1742-7835
IS - 5
ER -
ID: 4037421