Nudging Consent & the New Opt-Out System to the Processing of Health Data in England
Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Book chapter › Research › peer-review
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Nudging Consent & the New Opt-Out System to the Processing of Health Data in England. / Meszaros, Janos; Ho, Chih-hsing; Corrales Compagnucci, Marcelo.
Legal Tech and the New Sharing Economy. ed. / Marcelo Corrales Compagnucci; Nikolaus Forgó; Toshiyuki Kono; Shinto Teramoto; Erik Vermeulen. Singapore : Springer, 2020. p. 61-82 (Perspectives in Law, Business and Innovation).Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Book chapter › Research › peer-review
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TY - CHAP
T1 - Nudging Consent & the New Opt-Out System to the Processing of Health Data in England
AU - Meszaros, Janos
AU - Ho, Chih-hsing
AU - Corrales Compagnucci, Marcelo
PY - 2020
Y1 - 2020
N2 - This chapter examines the challenges of the revised opt-out system and the secondary use of health data in England. The analysis of this data could be very valuable for science and medical treatment as well as for the discovery of new drugs. For this reason, the UK government established the “care.data program” in 2013. The aim of the project was to build a central nationwide database for research and policy planning. However, the processing of personal data was planned without proper public engagement. Research has suggested that IT companies – such as in the Google DeepMind deal case – had access to other kinds of sensitive data and failed to comply with data protection law. Since May 2018, the government has launched the “national data opt-out” (ND opt-out) system with the hope of regaining public trust. Nevertheless, there are no evidence of significant changes in the ND opt-out, compared to the previous opt-out system. Neither in the use of secondary data, nor in the choices that patients can make. The only notorious difference seems to be in the way that these options are communicated and framed to the patients. Most importantly, according to the new ND opt-out, the type-1 opt-out option – which is the only choice that truly stops data from being shared outside direct care – will be removed in 2020. According to the Behavioral Law and Economics literature (Nudge Theory), default rules – such as the revised opt-out system in England – are very powerful, because people tend to stick to the default choices made readily available to them. The crucial question analyzed in this chapter is whether it is desirable for the UK government to stop promoting the type-1 opt-outs, and whether this could be seen as a kind of “hard paternalism.”
AB - This chapter examines the challenges of the revised opt-out system and the secondary use of health data in England. The analysis of this data could be very valuable for science and medical treatment as well as for the discovery of new drugs. For this reason, the UK government established the “care.data program” in 2013. The aim of the project was to build a central nationwide database for research and policy planning. However, the processing of personal data was planned without proper public engagement. Research has suggested that IT companies – such as in the Google DeepMind deal case – had access to other kinds of sensitive data and failed to comply with data protection law. Since May 2018, the government has launched the “national data opt-out” (ND opt-out) system with the hope of regaining public trust. Nevertheless, there are no evidence of significant changes in the ND opt-out, compared to the previous opt-out system. Neither in the use of secondary data, nor in the choices that patients can make. The only notorious difference seems to be in the way that these options are communicated and framed to the patients. Most importantly, according to the new ND opt-out, the type-1 opt-out option – which is the only choice that truly stops data from being shared outside direct care – will be removed in 2020. According to the Behavioral Law and Economics literature (Nudge Theory), default rules – such as the revised opt-out system in England – are very powerful, because people tend to stick to the default choices made readily available to them. The crucial question analyzed in this chapter is whether it is desirable for the UK government to stop promoting the type-1 opt-outs, and whether this could be seen as a kind of “hard paternalism.”
KW - Faculty of Law
KW - Nudge Theory, choice architectures, opt-out system, personal data, GDPR, ND opt-out, hard paternalism
U2 - 10.1007/978-981-15-1350-3_5
DO - 10.1007/978-981-15-1350-3_5
M3 - Book chapter
SN - 9789811513497
T3 - Perspectives in Law, Business and Innovation
SP - 61
EP - 82
BT - Legal Tech and the New Sharing Economy
A2 - Corrales Compagnucci, Marcelo
A2 - Forgó, Nikolaus
A2 - Kono, Toshiyuki
A2 - Teramoto, Shinto
A2 - Vermeulen, Erik
PB - Springer
CY - Singapore
ER -
ID: 228362016