Network-based multi-omics integration reveals metabolic at-risk profile within treated HIV-infection

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  • Flora Mikaeloff
  • Marco Gelpi
  • Rui Benfeitas
  • Andreas D. Knudsen
  • Beate Vestad
  • Julie Høgh
  • Johannes R. Hov
  • Benfield, Thomas
  • Daniel D. Murray
  • Christian G. Giske
  • Adil Mardinoglu
  • Marius Trøseid
  • Susanne D. Nielsen
  • Ujjwal Neogi

Multiomics technologies improve the biological understanding of health status in people living with HIV on antiretroviral therapy (PLWH). Still, a systematic and in-depth characterization of metabolic risk profile during successful long-term treatment is lacking. Here, we used multi-omics (plasma lipidomic, metabolomic, and fecal 16S microbiome) data-driven stratification and characterization to identify the metabolic at-risk profile within PLWH. Through network analysis and similarity network fusion (SNF), we identified three groups of PLWH (SNF-1 to 3): healthy (HC)-like (SNF-1), mild at-risk (SNF-3), and severe at-risk (SNF-2). The PLWH in the SNF-2 (45%) had a severe at-risk metabolic profile with increased visceral adipose tissue, BMI, higher incidence of metabolic syndrome (MetS), and increased di-and triglycerides despite having higher CD4+ T-cell counts than the other two clusters. However, the HC-like and the severe at-risk group had a similar metabolic profile differing from HIV-negative controls (HNC), with dysregulation of amino acid metabolism. At the microbiome profile, the HC-like group had a lower α-diversity, a lower proportion of men having sex with men (MSM) and was enriched in Bacteroides. In contrast, in at-risk groups, there was an increase in Prevotella, with a high proportion of MSM, which could potentially lead to higher systemic inflammation and increased cardiometabolic risk profile. The multi-omics integrative analysis also revealed a complex microbial interplay of the microbiome-derived metabolites in PLWH. Those severely at-risk clusters may benefit from personalized medicine and lifestyle intervention to improve their dysregulated metabolic traits, aiming to achieve healthier aging.

Original languageEnglish
Article numbere82785
JournaleLife
Volume12
Number of pages25
ISSN2050-084X
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 2023

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