Insecticide toxic effects and blood biochemical alterations in occupationally exposed individuals in Punjab, Pakistan
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Insecticide toxic effects and blood biochemical alterations in occupationally exposed individuals in Punjab, Pakistan. / Hayat, Khizar; Afzal, Muhammad; Aqueel, Muhammad Anjum; Ali, Sajjad; Saeed, Muhammad Farhan; Qureshi, Ahmad Kaleem; Ullah, Muhammad Irfan; Khan, Qaiser M.; Naseem, Muhammad Tayyib; Ashfaq, Umair; Damalas, Christos A.
In: Science of the Total Environment, Vol. 655, 2019, p. 102-111.Research output: Contribution to journal › Journal article › Research › peer-review
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TY - JOUR
T1 - Insecticide toxic effects and blood biochemical alterations in occupationally exposed individuals in Punjab, Pakistan
AU - Hayat, Khizar
AU - Afzal, Muhammad
AU - Aqueel, Muhammad Anjum
AU - Ali, Sajjad
AU - Saeed, Muhammad Farhan
AU - Qureshi, Ahmad Kaleem
AU - Ullah, Muhammad Irfan
AU - Khan, Qaiser M.
AU - Naseem, Muhammad Tayyib
AU - Ashfaq, Umair
AU - Damalas, Christos A.
PY - 2019
Y1 - 2019
N2 - Biomonitoring of people exposed to hazardous materials provides opportunities for early identification of several diseases, particularly in those individuals who are constantly exposed to pesticides, such as pesticide operators and workers in pesticide manufacturing industry. However, data on this hot topic are limited in Pakistan. In this study, insecticide toxic effects and biochemical alterations (i.e., damage in DNA and enzyme activity) were studied in blood samples of occupationally exposed individuals from Punjab, Pakistan. Eight out of twenty-seven blood samples (29.6%) of the pesticide operators were found positive in five insecticides, with the maximum concentration found for chlorpyrifos-methyl (0.039 μg/mL). Eleven out of twenty-seven blood samples (40.7%) of the pesticide industry workers were found positive in eight insecticides, with the maximum concentration found for endosulfan (0.051 μg/mL). Comet tail length was 16.88 ± 4.57 μm in pesticide industry workers and 16.33 ± 3.78 μm in pesticide operators, which were significantly higher (P < 0.01) than that recorded in the control group (4.84 ± 2.21 μm). Values of serum cholinesterase (SChE) concentration were slightly lower (P > 0.05) in exposed individuals, whereas values of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) concentration were significantly higher (P < 0.01) in exposed individuals compared with control group. Exposure duration and total insecticide concentration in blood samples were positively associated with comet tail length, ALT activity, AST activity, and ALP activity, but negatively with SChE. DNA damage was higher in smokers vs. non-smokers. Also, a positive association was found between comet tail length and number of cigarettes per day. Overall, occupational exposure to insecticides can pose serious health risks to pesticide operators and workers in pesticide manufacturing industry, highlighting the necessity of personal protection in those groups for preventing exposure and resultant health disorders.
AB - Biomonitoring of people exposed to hazardous materials provides opportunities for early identification of several diseases, particularly in those individuals who are constantly exposed to pesticides, such as pesticide operators and workers in pesticide manufacturing industry. However, data on this hot topic are limited in Pakistan. In this study, insecticide toxic effects and biochemical alterations (i.e., damage in DNA and enzyme activity) were studied in blood samples of occupationally exposed individuals from Punjab, Pakistan. Eight out of twenty-seven blood samples (29.6%) of the pesticide operators were found positive in five insecticides, with the maximum concentration found for chlorpyrifos-methyl (0.039 μg/mL). Eleven out of twenty-seven blood samples (40.7%) of the pesticide industry workers were found positive in eight insecticides, with the maximum concentration found for endosulfan (0.051 μg/mL). Comet tail length was 16.88 ± 4.57 μm in pesticide industry workers and 16.33 ± 3.78 μm in pesticide operators, which were significantly higher (P < 0.01) than that recorded in the control group (4.84 ± 2.21 μm). Values of serum cholinesterase (SChE) concentration were slightly lower (P > 0.05) in exposed individuals, whereas values of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) concentration were significantly higher (P < 0.01) in exposed individuals compared with control group. Exposure duration and total insecticide concentration in blood samples were positively associated with comet tail length, ALT activity, AST activity, and ALP activity, but negatively with SChE. DNA damage was higher in smokers vs. non-smokers. Also, a positive association was found between comet tail length and number of cigarettes per day. Overall, occupational exposure to insecticides can pose serious health risks to pesticide operators and workers in pesticide manufacturing industry, highlighting the necessity of personal protection in those groups for preventing exposure and resultant health disorders.
KW - DNA damage
KW - Enzyme activity
KW - Occupational safety
KW - Pesticide exposure
U2 - 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.11.175
DO - 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.11.175
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 30469056
AN - SCOPUS:85056775882
VL - 655
SP - 102
EP - 111
JO - Science of the Total Environment
JF - Science of the Total Environment
SN - 0048-9697
ER -
ID: 227692064