Fraction of Exhaled Nitric Oxide Levels Are Elevated in People Living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus Compared to Uninfected Controls, Suggesting Increased Eosinophilic Airway Inflammation
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Fraction of Exhaled Nitric Oxide Levels Are Elevated in People Living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus Compared to Uninfected Controls, Suggesting Increased Eosinophilic Airway Inflammation. / Thudium, Rebekka F.; Hughes, Nicolai L.P.; Afzal, Shoaib; Çolak, Yunus; Gelpi, Marco; Knudsen, Andreas D.; Kirkegaard-Klitbo, Ditte Marie; Borges, Álvaro H.; Gerstoft, Jan; Nordestgaard, Børge G.; Vestbo, Jørgen; Lundgren, Jens; Ronit, Andreas; Nielsen, Susanne D.
In: Clinical Infectious Diseases, Vol. 71, No. 12, 2020, p. 3214-3221.Research output: Contribution to journal › Journal article › Research › peer-review
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TY - JOUR
T1 - Fraction of Exhaled Nitric Oxide Levels Are Elevated in People Living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus Compared to Uninfected Controls, Suggesting Increased Eosinophilic Airway Inflammation
AU - Thudium, Rebekka F.
AU - Hughes, Nicolai L.P.
AU - Afzal, Shoaib
AU - Çolak, Yunus
AU - Gelpi, Marco
AU - Knudsen, Andreas D.
AU - Kirkegaard-Klitbo, Ditte Marie
AU - Borges, Álvaro H.
AU - Gerstoft, Jan
AU - Nordestgaard, Børge G.
AU - Vestbo, Jørgen
AU - Lundgren, Jens
AU - Ronit, Andreas
AU - Nielsen, Susanne D.
PY - 2020
Y1 - 2020
N2 - Background: Increased risk of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease has been reported in people living with human immunodeficiency virus (PLWH). Fraction of exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) is a marker of eosinophilic airway inflammation. We assessed FeNO levels in PLWH and matched uninfected controls and investigated whether human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) status is independently associated with elevated FeNO. Methods: FeNO was quantified by NIOX Vero and pulmonary function was assessed by spirometry in 432 PLWH from the Copenhagen Comorbidity in HIV Infection Study and in 1618 age-and sex-matched uninfected controls from the Copenhagen General Population Study. Elevated FeNO was defined as ≥25 parts per billion. Associations between FeNO and HIV status were adjusted for known potential confounders. Results: Mean age of PLWH was 50.7†(standard deviation [SD], 11.1) years and 97.4% received combination antiretroviral therapy. PLWH had higher FeNO than uninfected controls (median, 17.0 [interquartile range {IQR}, 11.0-26.0] vs 13.0 [IQR, 9.0-19.0]; P†<†.001). Also, PLWH had a higher prevalence of elevated FeNO than uninfected controls (27.5% vs 12.3%; P†<†.001). This association remained after adjusting for age, sex, height, smoking status, use of airway medication, blood eosinophils, and immunoglobulin E (adjusted OR [aOR], 3.56 [95% CI, 2.51-5.04]; P†<†.001). Elevated FeNO was associated with self-reported asthma (aOR, 2.65 [95% CI, 1.66-4.24]; P†<†.001) but not with airflow limitation (aOR, 1.07 [95% CI,. 71-1.62]; P†=†.745). Conclusions: HIV status was independently associated with elevated FeNO, suggesting increased eosinophilic airway inflammation. The potential impact on chronic lung disease pathogenesis needs further investigation.
AB - Background: Increased risk of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease has been reported in people living with human immunodeficiency virus (PLWH). Fraction of exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) is a marker of eosinophilic airway inflammation. We assessed FeNO levels in PLWH and matched uninfected controls and investigated whether human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) status is independently associated with elevated FeNO. Methods: FeNO was quantified by NIOX Vero and pulmonary function was assessed by spirometry in 432 PLWH from the Copenhagen Comorbidity in HIV Infection Study and in 1618 age-and sex-matched uninfected controls from the Copenhagen General Population Study. Elevated FeNO was defined as ≥25 parts per billion. Associations between FeNO and HIV status were adjusted for known potential confounders. Results: Mean age of PLWH was 50.7†(standard deviation [SD], 11.1) years and 97.4% received combination antiretroviral therapy. PLWH had higher FeNO than uninfected controls (median, 17.0 [interquartile range {IQR}, 11.0-26.0] vs 13.0 [IQR, 9.0-19.0]; P†<†.001). Also, PLWH had a higher prevalence of elevated FeNO than uninfected controls (27.5% vs 12.3%; P†<†.001). This association remained after adjusting for age, sex, height, smoking status, use of airway medication, blood eosinophils, and immunoglobulin E (adjusted OR [aOR], 3.56 [95% CI, 2.51-5.04]; P†<†.001). Elevated FeNO was associated with self-reported asthma (aOR, 2.65 [95% CI, 1.66-4.24]; P†<†.001) but not with airflow limitation (aOR, 1.07 [95% CI,. 71-1.62]; P†=†.745). Conclusions: HIV status was independently associated with elevated FeNO, suggesting increased eosinophilic airway inflammation. The potential impact on chronic lung disease pathogenesis needs further investigation.
KW - eosinophilic inflammation
KW - exhaled nitric oxide
KW - HIV
KW - lung function tests
KW - non-AIDS comorbidity
U2 - 10.1093/cid/ciz1223
DO - 10.1093/cid/ciz1223
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 31900471
AN - SCOPUS:85083645764
VL - 71
SP - 3214
EP - 3221
JO - Clinical Infectious Diseases
JF - Clinical Infectious Diseases
SN - 1058-4838
IS - 12
ER -
ID: 261451058