TY - JOUR

T1 - Escherichia coli Pathobionts Associated with Inflammatory Bowel Disease

AU - Mirsepasi-Lauridsen, Hengameh Chloé

AU - Vallance, Bruce Andrew

AU - Krogfelt, Karen Angeliki

AU - Petersen, Andreas Munk

PY - 2019/3/20

Y1 - 2019/3/20

N2 - Gut bacteria play a key role in initiating and maintaining the inflammatory process in the gut tissues of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients, by supplying antigens or other stimulatory factors that trigger immune cell activation. Changes in the composition of the intestinal microbiota in IBD patients compared to that in healthy controls and a reduced diversity of intestinal microbial species are linked to the pathogenesis of IBD. Adherent invasive Escherichia coli (AIEC) has been linked to Crohn’s disease (CD) patients, while diffusely adherent E. coli (DAEC) has been associated with ulcerative colitis (UC). Bacteriological analysis of intestinal biopsy specimens and fecal samples from IBD patients shows an increased number of E. coli strains belonging to the B2 phylogenetic group, which are typically known as extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli (ExPEC). Results from studies of both cell cultures and animal models reveal pathogenic features of these E. coli pathobionts, which may link them to IBD pathogenesis. This suggests that IBD-associated E. coli strains play a facilitative role during IBD flares. In this review, we explain IBD-associated E. coli and its role in IBD pathogenesis.

AB - Gut bacteria play a key role in initiating and maintaining the inflammatory process in the gut tissues of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients, by supplying antigens or other stimulatory factors that trigger immune cell activation. Changes in the composition of the intestinal microbiota in IBD patients compared to that in healthy controls and a reduced diversity of intestinal microbial species are linked to the pathogenesis of IBD. Adherent invasive Escherichia coli (AIEC) has been linked to Crohn’s disease (CD) patients, while diffusely adherent E. coli (DAEC) has been associated with ulcerative colitis (UC). Bacteriological analysis of intestinal biopsy specimens and fecal samples from IBD patients shows an increased number of E. coli strains belonging to the B2 phylogenetic group, which are typically known as extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli (ExPEC). Results from studies of both cell cultures and animal models reveal pathogenic features of these E. coli pathobionts, which may link them to IBD pathogenesis. This suggests that IBD-associated E. coli strains play a facilitative role during IBD flares. In this review, we explain IBD-associated E. coli and its role in IBD pathogenesis.

KW - Crohn’s disease

KW - Escherichia coli

KW - carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecules 6

KW - diet

KW - inflammatory bowel disease

KW - interleukins

KW - probiotics

KW - tight junction

KW - tumor necrosis factor receptors

KW - ulcerative colitis

U2 - 10.1128/CMR.00060-18

DO - 10.1128/CMR.00060-18

M3 - Review

C2 - 30700431

VL - 32

JO - Clinical Microbiology Reviews

JF - Clinical Microbiology Reviews

SN - 0893-8512

IS - 2

M1 - e00060-18

ER -