Effects of vitamin D supplementation on cardiometabolic outcomes in children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Research output: Contribution to journal › Review › Research › peer-review
Documents
- Hauger et al_European Journal of Nutrition_2020_(10.1007%2Fs00394-019-02150-x)_(Accepted manuscript)
Accepted author manuscript, 1.27 MB, PDF document
Purpose: In observational studies, higher S-25-hydroxyvitamin D [S-25(OH)D] has been associated with a more favorable cardiometabolic profile in childhood, but results may be confounded. We examined effects of vitamin D supplementation on cardiometabolic outcomes in children and adolescents.
Methods: We systematically searched relevant databases for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) examining effects of vitamin D supplementation compared to placebo or a lower dose of vitamin D on blood glucose, insulin, homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), glycated hemoglobin, cholesterol [total, high-density, and low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C)], triglycerides, or blood pressure. We conducted random-effects meta-analyses of weighted mean differences in all participants and in subgroups of overweight/obese versus normal weight participants with or without baseline S-25(OH)D < 50 nmol/L. We also explored associations between responses in S-25(OH)D and outcomes by meta-regression.
Results: Fourteen RCTs with a total of 1088 participants aged 4–19 years were included. In the meta-analysis, vitamin D supplementation increased S-25(OH)D by 27 nmol/L [95% CI 16; 37] (P < 0.0001) and increased LDL-C by 0.11 mmol/L [0.02; 0.20] (P = 0.02) without any subgroup differences and a generally low to moderate heterogeneity. Vitamin D supplementation had no other effects. However, in the meta-regression analysis, HOMA-IR decreased by 0.51 points [− 0.97; − 0.04] per 10 nmol/L increase in the endpoint S-25(OH)D among overweight/obese participants (P = 0.04).
Conclusions: These results do not support the use of vitamin D supplementation for improving cardiometabolic health in childhood. Indicated beneficial effects on insulin resistance in those with obesity could be investigated further, while unfavorable effects on LDL-C may be a concern.
Original language | English |
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Journal | European Journal of Nutrition |
Volume | 59 |
Issue number | 3 |
Pages (from-to) | 873-884 |
Number of pages | 12 |
ISSN | 1436-6207 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - 2020 |
- Adolescents, Cardiovascular risk factors, Children, Randomized controlled trials, Vitamin D
Research areas
ID: 236560035