Dose-dependent associations of dietary glycemic index, glycemic load, and fiber with 3-year weight loss maintenance and glycemic status in a high-risk population: A secondary analysis of the diabetes prevention study PREVIEW
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Dose-dependent associations of dietary glycemic index, glycemic load, and fiber with 3-year weight loss maintenance and glycemic status in a high-risk population: A secondary analysis of the diabetes prevention study PREVIEW. / Zhu, Ruixin; Larsen, Thomas Meinert; Fogelholm, Mikael; Poppitt, Sally D; Vestentoft, Pia Siig; Silvestre, Marta P; Jalo, Elli; Navas-Carretero, Santiago; Huttunen-Lenz, Maija; Taylor, Moira A; Stratton, Gareth; Swindell, Nils; Drummen, Mathijs; Adam, Tanja C; Ritz, Christian; Sundvall, Jouko; Valsta, Liisa M; Muirhead, Roslyn; Brodie, Shannon; Handjieva-Darlenska, Teodora; Handjiev, Svetoslav; Martinez, J Alfredo; Macdonald, Ian A; Westerterp-Plantenga, Margriet S; Brand-Miller, Jennie; Raben, Anne.
In: Diabetes Care, Vol. 44, No. 7, 2021, p. 1672-1681.Research output: Contribution to journal › Journal article › Research › peer-review
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T1 - Dose-dependent associations of dietary glycemic index, glycemic load, and fiber with 3-year weight loss maintenance and glycemic status in a high-risk population: A secondary analysis of the diabetes prevention study PREVIEW
AU - Zhu, Ruixin
AU - Larsen, Thomas Meinert
AU - Fogelholm, Mikael
AU - Poppitt, Sally D
AU - Vestentoft, Pia Siig
AU - Silvestre, Marta P
AU - Jalo, Elli
AU - Navas-Carretero, Santiago
AU - Huttunen-Lenz, Maija
AU - Taylor, Moira A
AU - Stratton, Gareth
AU - Swindell, Nils
AU - Drummen, Mathijs
AU - Adam, Tanja C
AU - Ritz, Christian
AU - Sundvall, Jouko
AU - Valsta, Liisa M
AU - Muirhead, Roslyn
AU - Brodie, Shannon
AU - Handjieva-Darlenska, Teodora
AU - Handjiev, Svetoslav
AU - Martinez, J Alfredo
AU - Macdonald, Ian A
AU - Westerterp-Plantenga, Margriet S
AU - Brand-Miller, Jennie
AU - Raben, Anne
N1 - © 2021 by the American Diabetes Association.
PY - 2021
Y1 - 2021
N2 - Objective: To examine longitudinal and dose-dependent associations of dietary glycemic index (GI), glycemic load (GL), and fiber with body weight and glycemic status during 3-year weight loss maintenance (WLM) in adults at high risk of type 2 diabetes.Research design and methods: In this secondary analysis we used pooled data from the PREVention of diabetes through lifestyle Intervention and population studies in Europe and around the World (PREVIEW) randomized controlled trial, which was designed to test the effects of four diet and physical activity interventions. A total of 1,279 participants with overweight or obesity (age 25-70 years and BMI ≥25 kg ⋅ m-2) and prediabetes at baseline were included. We used multiadjusted linear mixed models with repeated measurements to assess longitudinal and dose-dependent associations by merging the participants into one group and dividing them into GI, GL, and fiber tertiles, respectively.Results: In the available-case and complete-case analyses, each 10-unit increment in GI was associated with a greater regain of weight (0.46 kg ⋅ year-1; 95% CI 0.23, 0.68; P < 0.001) and increase in HbA1c. Each 20-unit increment in GL was associated with a greater regain of weight (0.49 kg ⋅ year-1; 0.24, 0.75; P < 0.001) and increase in HbA1c. The associations of GI and GL with HbA1c were independent of weight change. Compared with those in the lowest tertiles, participants in the highest GI and GL tertiles had significantly greater weight regain and increases in HbA1c. Fiber was inversely associated with increases in waist circumference, but the associations with weight regain and glycemic status did not remain robust in different analyses.Conclusions: Dietary GI and GL were positively associated with weight regain and deteriorating glycemic status. Stronger evidence on the role of fiber is needed.
AB - Objective: To examine longitudinal and dose-dependent associations of dietary glycemic index (GI), glycemic load (GL), and fiber with body weight and glycemic status during 3-year weight loss maintenance (WLM) in adults at high risk of type 2 diabetes.Research design and methods: In this secondary analysis we used pooled data from the PREVention of diabetes through lifestyle Intervention and population studies in Europe and around the World (PREVIEW) randomized controlled trial, which was designed to test the effects of four diet and physical activity interventions. A total of 1,279 participants with overweight or obesity (age 25-70 years and BMI ≥25 kg ⋅ m-2) and prediabetes at baseline were included. We used multiadjusted linear mixed models with repeated measurements to assess longitudinal and dose-dependent associations by merging the participants into one group and dividing them into GI, GL, and fiber tertiles, respectively.Results: In the available-case and complete-case analyses, each 10-unit increment in GI was associated with a greater regain of weight (0.46 kg ⋅ year-1; 95% CI 0.23, 0.68; P < 0.001) and increase in HbA1c. Each 20-unit increment in GL was associated with a greater regain of weight (0.49 kg ⋅ year-1; 0.24, 0.75; P < 0.001) and increase in HbA1c. The associations of GI and GL with HbA1c were independent of weight change. Compared with those in the lowest tertiles, participants in the highest GI and GL tertiles had significantly greater weight regain and increases in HbA1c. Fiber was inversely associated with increases in waist circumference, but the associations with weight regain and glycemic status did not remain robust in different analyses.Conclusions: Dietary GI and GL were positively associated with weight regain and deteriorating glycemic status. Stronger evidence on the role of fiber is needed.
U2 - 10.2337/dc20-3092
DO - 10.2337/dc20-3092
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 34045241
VL - 44
SP - 1672
EP - 1681
JO - Diabetes Care
JF - Diabetes Care
SN - 0149-5992
IS - 7
ER -
ID: 269913335