Differentiation of COVID-19 signs and symptoms from allergic rhinitis and common cold: An ARIA-EAACI-GA2LEN consensus
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Accepted author manuscript, 9.85 MB, PDF document
Background: Although there are many asymptomatic patients, one of the problems of COVID-19 is early recognition of the disease. COVID-19 symptoms are polymorphic and may include upper respiratory symptoms. However, COVID-19 symptoms may be mistaken with the common cold or allergic rhinitis. An ARIA-EAACI study group attempted to differentiate upper respiratory symptoms between the three diseases. Methods: A modified Delphi process was used. The ARIA members who were seeing COVID-19 patients were asked to fill in a questionnaire on the upper airway symptoms of COVID-19, common cold and allergic rhinitis. Results: Among the 192 ARIA members who were invited to respond to the questionnaire, 89 responded and 87 questionnaires were analysed. The consensus was then reported. A two-way ANOVA revealed significant differences in the symptom intensity between the three diseases (p <.001). Conclusions: This modified Delphi approach enabled the differentiation of upper respiratory symptoms between COVID-19, the common cold and allergic rhinitis. An electronic algorithm will be devised using the questionnaire.
Original language | English |
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Journal | Allergy: European Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology |
Volume | 76 |
Issue number | 8 |
Pages (from-to) | 2354-2366 |
ISSN | 0105-4538 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - 2021 |
Bibliographical note
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
- allergic rhinitis, common cold, cough, COVID-19, smell
Research areas
Links
- https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8250633/pdf/ALL-76-2354.pdf
Final published version
ID: 269622062