Breast cancer stem cells: A moving target for cancer nanomedicine
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Breast cancer stem cells : A moving target for cancer nanomedicine. / Mollenhauer, Jan; Knoop, Ann; Bak, Martin; Laenkholm, Anne Vibeke; Thomassen, Mads; Kruse, Torben A.; Hoilund-Carlsen, Poul Flemming.
In: European Journal of Nanomedicine, Vol. 4, No. 2-4, 12.2012, p. 59-72.Research output: Contribution to journal › Review › Research › peer-review
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TY - JOUR
T1 - Breast cancer stem cells
T2 - A moving target for cancer nanomedicine
AU - Mollenhauer, Jan
AU - Knoop, Ann
AU - Bak, Martin
AU - Laenkholm, Anne Vibeke
AU - Thomassen, Mads
AU - Kruse, Torben A.
AU - Hoilund-Carlsen, Poul Flemming
PY - 2012/12
Y1 - 2012/12
N2 - The identifi cation of so-called cancer stem cells (CSCs) has sustainably changed our views on cancer by adding hierarchical principles, where tumor cells emerge from a founder population similar to steady-state regenerative processes in normal tissues. The rare founder population of CSCs is thought to be responsible for the recurrence of treatment-resistant tumors and metastatic spread and thus has been declared as the number one target for the next generation of anti-cancer drugs. Here, we will review the state of the art in research on breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs), for which a huge amount of data has accumulated in the past few years. Initial studies have suggested that the CD44 + /CD24- profi le and epithelial-tomesenchymal transition (EMT) are associated with BCSCs, which has resulted in the recent identifi cation of fi rst compounds with BCSC-eliminating properties. In this early phase, however, it remains mostly unclear, to which extent these new compounds may exert toxicity to normal stem cells, since a substantial part targets molecular pathways critical for normal stem cell function. Moreover, these new drugs often require combination with conventional chemotherapeutics potentially posing new challenges to nanomedicine in circumventing toxicity and enabling targeted delivery. Most recent data further suggests that normal breast cancer cells might be able to re-create BCSCs and that additional, yet undiscovered kinds of BCSCs may exist. This points to future escape mechanisms. As a consequence, another broad future fi eld of nanomedicine might be fi nding new drugs via systematic screening approaches. Collectively, this area provides ample possibilities for both traditional and novel nanomedical approaches.
AB - The identifi cation of so-called cancer stem cells (CSCs) has sustainably changed our views on cancer by adding hierarchical principles, where tumor cells emerge from a founder population similar to steady-state regenerative processes in normal tissues. The rare founder population of CSCs is thought to be responsible for the recurrence of treatment-resistant tumors and metastatic spread and thus has been declared as the number one target for the next generation of anti-cancer drugs. Here, we will review the state of the art in research on breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs), for which a huge amount of data has accumulated in the past few years. Initial studies have suggested that the CD44 + /CD24- profi le and epithelial-tomesenchymal transition (EMT) are associated with BCSCs, which has resulted in the recent identifi cation of fi rst compounds with BCSC-eliminating properties. In this early phase, however, it remains mostly unclear, to which extent these new compounds may exert toxicity to normal stem cells, since a substantial part targets molecular pathways critical for normal stem cell function. Moreover, these new drugs often require combination with conventional chemotherapeutics potentially posing new challenges to nanomedicine in circumventing toxicity and enabling targeted delivery. Most recent data further suggests that normal breast cancer cells might be able to re-create BCSCs and that additional, yet undiscovered kinds of BCSCs may exist. This points to future escape mechanisms. As a consequence, another broad future fi eld of nanomedicine might be fi nding new drugs via systematic screening approaches. Collectively, this area provides ample possibilities for both traditional and novel nanomedical approaches.
KW - Breast cancer stem cells
KW - Cancer nanomedicine
KW - Cancer stem cells
KW - Cancer treatment
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84882428464&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1515/ejnm-2012-0006
DO - 10.1515/ejnm-2012-0006
M3 - Review
AN - SCOPUS:84882428464
VL - 4
SP - 59
EP - 72
JO - European Journal of Nanomedicine
JF - European Journal of Nanomedicine
SN - 1662-5986
IS - 2-4
ER -
ID: 260459428