Twelve patients with histologically verified polycystic ovary syndrome were investigated with special regard given to the effect of wedge resection on androgen status. Adrenal disorders were excluded in every case by determination of cortisol and corticosterone metabolites. Prior to and at least 6 months after surgery all patients were subjected to adrenal stimulation followed by adrenal suppression and ovarian stimulation. Comparison between pre- and postoperative studies revealed that only an insignificant reduction in the excretion of 17-ketosteroid had occurred and, although at lower levels, the stimulatory effect of hCG on ovarian androgens was still present. Clinically, 10 patients had had regular periods at followup, and 3 had become pregnant. In no case had hair growth slowed, bu the rate had declined. Seemingly, wedge resection does not significantly influence the biochemical pattern connected with the polycystic ovary syndrome.