Behavioral factors associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection
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Behavioral factors associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection. / Cajar, Mille Dybdal; Tan, Florence Chia Chin; Boisen, Mogens Karsboel; Krog, Sebastian Moretto; Nolsoee, Runa; Christensen, Helle Collatz; Andersen, Mikkel Porsborg; Moeller, Amalie Lykkemark; Gerds, Thomas Alexander; Pedersen-Bjergaard, Ulrik; Lindegaard, Birgitte; Kristensen, Peter Lommer; Christensen, Thomas Broe; Torp-Pedersen, Christian; Lendorf, Maria Elisabeth.
In: BMJ Open, Vol. 12, No. 6, 2022.Research output: Contribution to journal › Journal article › Research › peer-review
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TY - JOUR
T1 - Behavioral factors associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection
AU - Cajar, Mille Dybdal
AU - Tan, Florence Chia Chin
AU - Boisen, Mogens Karsboel
AU - Krog, Sebastian Moretto
AU - Nolsoee, Runa
AU - Christensen, Helle Collatz
AU - Andersen, Mikkel Porsborg
AU - Moeller, Amalie Lykkemark
AU - Gerds, Thomas Alexander
AU - Pedersen-Bjergaard, Ulrik
AU - Lindegaard, Birgitte
AU - Kristensen, Peter Lommer
AU - Christensen, Thomas Broe
AU - Torp-Pedersen, Christian
AU - Lendorf, Maria Elisabeth
PY - 2022
Y1 - 2022
N2 - Objective To study the association between behavioural factors and incidence rates of SARS-CoV-2 infection.Design Case–control web-based questionnaire study.Setting Questionnaire data were collected in the Capital Region of Denmark in December 2020 when limited restrictions were in place, while the number of daily SARS-CoV-2 cases increased rapidly.Participants 8913 cases of laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection were compared with two groups of controls: (1) 34 063 individuals with a negative SARS-CoV-2 test from the same date (negative controls, NCs) and 2) 25 989 individuals who had never been tested for a SARS-CoV-2 infection (untested controls, UC). Controls were matched on sex, age, test date and municipality.Exposure Activities during the 14 days prior to being tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 or during the same period for matched controls and precautions taken during the entire pandemic.Main outcomes and measures SARS-CoV-2 infection incidence rate ratios (IRR).Results Response rate was 41.4% (n=93 121). Using public transportation, grocery shopping (IRR: NC: 0.52; UC: 0.63) and outdoor sports activities (NC: 0.75; UC: 0.96) were not associated with increased rate of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Most precautions, for example, using hand sanitizer (NC: 0.79; UC: 0.98), physical distancing (NC: 0.79; UC: 0.82) and avoiding handshakes (NC: 0.74; UC: 0.77), were associated with a lower rate of infection. Activities associated with many close contacts, especially indoors, increased rate of infection. Except for working from home, all types of occupation were linked to increased rate of infection.Conclusions In a community setting with moderate restrictions, activities such as using public transportation and grocery shopping with the relevant precautions were not associated with an increased rate of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Exposures and activities where safety measures are difficult to maintain might be important risk factors for infection. These findings may help public health authorities tailor their strategies for limiting the spread of SARS-CoV-2.
AB - Objective To study the association between behavioural factors and incidence rates of SARS-CoV-2 infection.Design Case–control web-based questionnaire study.Setting Questionnaire data were collected in the Capital Region of Denmark in December 2020 when limited restrictions were in place, while the number of daily SARS-CoV-2 cases increased rapidly.Participants 8913 cases of laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection were compared with two groups of controls: (1) 34 063 individuals with a negative SARS-CoV-2 test from the same date (negative controls, NCs) and 2) 25 989 individuals who had never been tested for a SARS-CoV-2 infection (untested controls, UC). Controls were matched on sex, age, test date and municipality.Exposure Activities during the 14 days prior to being tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 or during the same period for matched controls and precautions taken during the entire pandemic.Main outcomes and measures SARS-CoV-2 infection incidence rate ratios (IRR).Results Response rate was 41.4% (n=93 121). Using public transportation, grocery shopping (IRR: NC: 0.52; UC: 0.63) and outdoor sports activities (NC: 0.75; UC: 0.96) were not associated with increased rate of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Most precautions, for example, using hand sanitizer (NC: 0.79; UC: 0.98), physical distancing (NC: 0.79; UC: 0.82) and avoiding handshakes (NC: 0.74; UC: 0.77), were associated with a lower rate of infection. Activities associated with many close contacts, especially indoors, increased rate of infection. Except for working from home, all types of occupation were linked to increased rate of infection.Conclusions In a community setting with moderate restrictions, activities such as using public transportation and grocery shopping with the relevant precautions were not associated with an increased rate of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Exposures and activities where safety measures are difficult to maintain might be important risk factors for infection. These findings may help public health authorities tailor their strategies for limiting the spread of SARS-CoV-2.
KW - COVID-19
KW - Epidemiology
KW - INFECTIOUS DISEASES
U2 - 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-056393
DO - 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-056393
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 36691250
VL - 12
JO - BMJ Open
JF - BMJ Open
SN - 2044-6055
IS - 6
ER -
ID: 312466749