Association between Mediterranean and Nordic diet scores and changes in weight and waist circumference: influence of FTO and TCF7L2 loci
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Association between Mediterranean and Nordic diet scores and changes in weight and waist circumference : influence of FTO and TCF7L2 loci. / Roswall, Nina; Ängquist, Lars; Ahluwalia, Tarun Veer Singh; Romaguera, Dora; Larsen, Sofus C; Østergaard, Jane N; Halkjaer, Jytte; Vimaleswaran, Karani S; Wareham, Nicolas J; Bendinelli, Benedetta; Palli, Domenico; Boer, Jolanda M A; van der A, Daphne L; Boeing, Heiner; Loos, Ruth J F; Sørensen, Thorkild I A; Tjønneland, Anne.
In: The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, Vol. 100, No. 4, 2014, p. 1188-1197.Research output: Contribution to journal › Journal article › Research › peer-review
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TY - JOUR
T1 - Association between Mediterranean and Nordic diet scores and changes in weight and waist circumference
T2 - influence of FTO and TCF7L2 loci
AU - Roswall, Nina
AU - Ängquist, Lars
AU - Ahluwalia, Tarun Veer Singh
AU - Romaguera, Dora
AU - Larsen, Sofus C
AU - Østergaard, Jane N
AU - Halkjaer, Jytte
AU - Vimaleswaran, Karani S
AU - Wareham, Nicolas J
AU - Bendinelli, Benedetta
AU - Palli, Domenico
AU - Boer, Jolanda M A
AU - van der A, Daphne L
AU - Boeing, Heiner
AU - Loos, Ruth J F
AU - Sørensen, Thorkild I A
AU - Tjønneland, Anne
N1 - © 2014 American Society for Nutrition.
PY - 2014
Y1 - 2014
N2 - BACKGROUND: Several studies have shown that adherence to the Mediterranean Diet measured by using the Mediterranean diet score (MDS) is associated with lower obesity risk. The newly proposed Nordic Diet could hold similar beneficial effects. Because of the increasing focus on the interaction between diet and genetic predisposition to adiposity, studies should consider both diet and genetics.OBJECTIVE: We investigated whether FTO rs9939609 and TCF7L2 rs7903146 modified the association between the MDS and Nordic diet score (NDS) and changes in weight (Δweight), waist circumference (ΔWC), and waist circumference adjusted for body mass index (BMI) (ΔWCBMI).DESIGN: We conducted a case-cohort study with a median follow-up of 6.8 y that included 11,048 participants from 5 European countries; 5552 of these subjects were cases defined as individuals with the greatest degree of unexplained weight gain during follow-up. A randomly selected subcohort included 6548 participants, including 5496 noncases. Cases and noncases were compared in analyses by using logistic regression. Continuous traits (ie, Δweight, ΔWC, and ΔWCBMI) were analyzed by using linear regression models in the random subcohort. Interactions were tested by including interaction terms in models.RESULTS: A higher MDS was significantly inversely associated with case status (OR: 0.98; 95% CI: 0.96, 1.00), ΔWC (β = -0.010 cm/y; 95% CI: -0.020, -0.001 cm/y), and ΔWCBMI (β = -0.008; 95% CI:-0.015, -0.001) per 1-point increment but not Δweight (P = 0.53). The NDS was not significantly associated with any outcome. There was a borderline significant interaction between the MDS and TCF7L2 rs7903146 on weight gain (P = 0.05), which suggested a beneficial effect of the MDS only in subjects who carried 1 or 2 risk alleles. FTO did not modify observed associations.CONCLUSIONS: A high MDS is associated with a lower ΔWC and ΔWCBMI, regardless of FTO and TCF7L2 risk alleles. For Δweight, findings were less clear, but the effect may depend on the TCF7L2 rs7903146 variant. The NDS was not associated with anthropometric changes during follow-up.
AB - BACKGROUND: Several studies have shown that adherence to the Mediterranean Diet measured by using the Mediterranean diet score (MDS) is associated with lower obesity risk. The newly proposed Nordic Diet could hold similar beneficial effects. Because of the increasing focus on the interaction between diet and genetic predisposition to adiposity, studies should consider both diet and genetics.OBJECTIVE: We investigated whether FTO rs9939609 and TCF7L2 rs7903146 modified the association between the MDS and Nordic diet score (NDS) and changes in weight (Δweight), waist circumference (ΔWC), and waist circumference adjusted for body mass index (BMI) (ΔWCBMI).DESIGN: We conducted a case-cohort study with a median follow-up of 6.8 y that included 11,048 participants from 5 European countries; 5552 of these subjects were cases defined as individuals with the greatest degree of unexplained weight gain during follow-up. A randomly selected subcohort included 6548 participants, including 5496 noncases. Cases and noncases were compared in analyses by using logistic regression. Continuous traits (ie, Δweight, ΔWC, and ΔWCBMI) were analyzed by using linear regression models in the random subcohort. Interactions were tested by including interaction terms in models.RESULTS: A higher MDS was significantly inversely associated with case status (OR: 0.98; 95% CI: 0.96, 1.00), ΔWC (β = -0.010 cm/y; 95% CI: -0.020, -0.001 cm/y), and ΔWCBMI (β = -0.008; 95% CI:-0.015, -0.001) per 1-point increment but not Δweight (P = 0.53). The NDS was not significantly associated with any outcome. There was a borderline significant interaction between the MDS and TCF7L2 rs7903146 on weight gain (P = 0.05), which suggested a beneficial effect of the MDS only in subjects who carried 1 or 2 risk alleles. FTO did not modify observed associations.CONCLUSIONS: A high MDS is associated with a lower ΔWC and ΔWCBMI, regardless of FTO and TCF7L2 risk alleles. For Δweight, findings were less clear, but the effect may depend on the TCF7L2 rs7903146 variant. The NDS was not associated with anthropometric changes during follow-up.
KW - Adiposity
KW - Adult
KW - Alleles
KW - Body Mass Index
KW - Diet
KW - Diet, Mediterranean
KW - Europe
KW - Female
KW - Follow-Up Studies
KW - Genetic Loci
KW - Genetic Predisposition to Disease
KW - Humans
KW - Linear Models
KW - Linkage Disequilibrium
KW - Male
KW - Middle Aged
KW - Obesity
KW - Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
KW - Prospective Studies
KW - Proteins
KW - Transcription Factor 7-Like 2 Protein
KW - Waist Circumference
KW - Weight Gain
U2 - 10.3945/ajcn.114.089706
DO - 10.3945/ajcn.114.089706
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 25099543
VL - 100
SP - 1188
EP - 1197
JO - American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
JF - American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
SN - 0002-9165
IS - 4
ER -
ID: 137660042