A Second Planet Transiting LTT 1445A and a Determination of the Masses of Both Worlds
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A Second Planet Transiting LTT 1445A and a Determination of the Masses of Both Worlds. / Winters, Jennifer G.; Cloutier, Ryan; Medina, Amber A.; Irwin, Jonathan M.; Charbonneau, David; Astudillo-Defru, Nicola; Bonfils, Xavier; Howard, Andrew W.; Isaacson, Howard; Bean, Jacob L.; Seifahrt, Andreas; Teske, Johanna K.; Eastman, Jason D.; Twicken, Joseph D.; Collins, Karen A.; Jensen, Eric L. N.; Quinn, Samuel N.; Payne, Matthew J.; Kristiansen, Martti H.; Spencer, Alton; Vanderburg, Andrew; Zechmeister, Mathias; Weiss, Lauren M.; Wang, Sharon Xuesong; Wang, Gavin; Udry, Stephane; Terentev, Ivan A.; Stuermer, Julian; Stefansson, Gudmundur; Shporer, Avi; Shectman, Stephen; Sefako, Ramotholo; Schwengeler, Hans Martin; Schwarz, Richard P.; Scarsdale, Nicholas; Rubenzahl, Ryan A.; Roy, Arpita; Rosenthal, Lee J.; Robertson, Paul; Petigura, Erik A.; Pepe, Francesco; Omohundro, Mark; Murphy, Joseph M. Akana; Murgas, Felipe; Mocnik, Teo; Montet, Benjamin T.; Mennickent, Ronald; Mayo, Andrew W.; Massey, Bob; Lubin, Jack; Lovis, Christophe; Lewin, Pablo; Kasper, David; Kane, Stephen R.; Jenkins, Jon M.; Huber, Daniel; Horne, Keith; Hill, Michelle L.; Gorrini, Paula; Giacalone, Steven; Fulton, Benjamin; Forveille, Thierry; Figueira, Pedro; Fetherolf, Tara; Dressing, Courtney; Diaz, Rodrigo F.; Delfosse, Xavier; Dalba, Paul A.; Dai, Fei; Cortes, C. C.; Crossfield, Ian J. M.; Crane, Jeffrey D.; Conti, Dennis M.; Collins, Kevin; Chontos, Ashley; Butler, R. Paul; Brown, Peyton; Brady, Madison; Behmard, Aida; Beard, Corey; Batalha, Natalie M.; Almenara, Jose-Manuel.
In: Astronomical Journal, Vol. 163, No. 4, 168, 01.04.2022.Research output: Contribution to journal › Journal article › Research › peer-review
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TY - JOUR
T1 - A Second Planet Transiting LTT 1445A and a Determination of the Masses of Both Worlds
AU - Winters, Jennifer G.
AU - Cloutier, Ryan
AU - Medina, Amber A.
AU - Irwin, Jonathan M.
AU - Charbonneau, David
AU - Astudillo-Defru, Nicola
AU - Bonfils, Xavier
AU - Howard, Andrew W.
AU - Isaacson, Howard
AU - Bean, Jacob L.
AU - Seifahrt, Andreas
AU - Teske, Johanna K.
AU - Eastman, Jason D.
AU - Twicken, Joseph D.
AU - Collins, Karen A.
AU - Jensen, Eric L. N.
AU - Quinn, Samuel N.
AU - Payne, Matthew J.
AU - Kristiansen, Martti H.
AU - Spencer, Alton
AU - Vanderburg, Andrew
AU - Zechmeister, Mathias
AU - Weiss, Lauren M.
AU - Wang, Sharon Xuesong
AU - Wang, Gavin
AU - Udry, Stephane
AU - Terentev, Ivan A.
AU - Stuermer, Julian
AU - Stefansson, Gudmundur
AU - Shporer, Avi
AU - Shectman, Stephen
AU - Sefako, Ramotholo
AU - Schwengeler, Hans Martin
AU - Schwarz, Richard P.
AU - Scarsdale, Nicholas
AU - Rubenzahl, Ryan A.
AU - Roy, Arpita
AU - Rosenthal, Lee J.
AU - Robertson, Paul
AU - Petigura, Erik A.
AU - Pepe, Francesco
AU - Omohundro, Mark
AU - Murphy, Joseph M. Akana
AU - Murgas, Felipe
AU - Mocnik, Teo
AU - Montet, Benjamin T.
AU - Mennickent, Ronald
AU - Mayo, Andrew W.
AU - Massey, Bob
AU - Lubin, Jack
AU - Lovis, Christophe
AU - Lewin, Pablo
AU - Kasper, David
AU - Kane, Stephen R.
AU - Jenkins, Jon M.
AU - Huber, Daniel
AU - Horne, Keith
AU - Hill, Michelle L.
AU - Gorrini, Paula
AU - Giacalone, Steven
AU - Fulton, Benjamin
AU - Forveille, Thierry
AU - Figueira, Pedro
AU - Fetherolf, Tara
AU - Dressing, Courtney
AU - Diaz, Rodrigo F.
AU - Delfosse, Xavier
AU - Dalba, Paul A.
AU - Dai, Fei
AU - Cortes, C. C.
AU - Crossfield, Ian J. M.
AU - Crane, Jeffrey D.
AU - Conti, Dennis M.
AU - Collins, Kevin
AU - Chontos, Ashley
AU - Butler, R. Paul
AU - Brown, Peyton
AU - Brady, Madison
AU - Behmard, Aida
AU - Beard, Corey
AU - Batalha, Natalie M.
AU - Almenara, Jose-Manuel
PY - 2022/4/1
Y1 - 2022/4/1
N2 - LTT 1445 is a hierarchical triple M-dwarf star system located at a distance of 6.86 pc. The primary star LTT 1445A (0.257 M-circle dot) is known to host the transiting planet LTT 1445Ab with an orbital period of 5.36 days, making it the second-closest known transiting exoplanet system, and the closest one for which the host is an M dwarf. Using Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite data, we present the discovery of a second planet in the LTT 1445 system, with an orbital period of 3.12 days. We combine radial-velocity measurements obtained from the five spectrographs, Echelle Spectrograph for Rocky Exoplanets and Stable Spectroscopic Observations, High Accuracy Radial Velocity Planet Searcher, High-Resolution Echelle Spectrometer, MAROON-X, and Planet Finder Spectrograph to establish that the new world also orbits LTT 1445A. We determine the mass and radius of LTT 1445Ab to be 2.87 +/- 0.25 M-circle plus and 1.304(-0.060)(+0.067) R-circle plus, consistent with an Earth-like composition. For the newly discovered LTT 1445Ac, we measure a mass of 1.54(-0.19)(+0.20) M-circle plus and a minimum radius of 1.15 R-circle plus, but we cannot determine the radius directly as the signal-to-noise ratio of our light curve permits both grazing and nongrazing configurations. Using MEarth photometry and ground-based spectroscopy, we establish that star C (0.161 M-circle dot) is likely the source of the 1.4 day rotation period, and star B (0.215 MY circle dot) has a likely rotation period of 6.7 days. We estimate a probable rotation period of 85 days for LTT 1445A. Thus, this triple M-dwarf system appears to be in a special evolutionary stage where the most massive M dwarf has spun down, the intermediate mass M dwarf is in the process of spinning down, while the least massive stellar component has not yet begun to spin down.
AB - LTT 1445 is a hierarchical triple M-dwarf star system located at a distance of 6.86 pc. The primary star LTT 1445A (0.257 M-circle dot) is known to host the transiting planet LTT 1445Ab with an orbital period of 5.36 days, making it the second-closest known transiting exoplanet system, and the closest one for which the host is an M dwarf. Using Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite data, we present the discovery of a second planet in the LTT 1445 system, with an orbital period of 3.12 days. We combine radial-velocity measurements obtained from the five spectrographs, Echelle Spectrograph for Rocky Exoplanets and Stable Spectroscopic Observations, High Accuracy Radial Velocity Planet Searcher, High-Resolution Echelle Spectrometer, MAROON-X, and Planet Finder Spectrograph to establish that the new world also orbits LTT 1445A. We determine the mass and radius of LTT 1445Ab to be 2.87 +/- 0.25 M-circle plus and 1.304(-0.060)(+0.067) R-circle plus, consistent with an Earth-like composition. For the newly discovered LTT 1445Ac, we measure a mass of 1.54(-0.19)(+0.20) M-circle plus and a minimum radius of 1.15 R-circle plus, but we cannot determine the radius directly as the signal-to-noise ratio of our light curve permits both grazing and nongrazing configurations. Using MEarth photometry and ground-based spectroscopy, we establish that star C (0.161 M-circle dot) is likely the source of the 1.4 day rotation period, and star B (0.215 MY circle dot) has a likely rotation period of 6.7 days. We estimate a probable rotation period of 85 days for LTT 1445A. Thus, this triple M-dwarf system appears to be in a special evolutionary stage where the most massive M dwarf has spun down, the intermediate mass M dwarf is in the process of spinning down, while the least massive stellar component has not yet begun to spin down.
KW - EARTH-SIZED PLANET
KW - SUPER-EARTH
KW - STELLAR ACTIVITY
KW - TERRESTRIAL PLANET
KW - RADIAL-VELOCITIES
KW - ERROR-CORRECTION
KW - M DWARFS
KW - NEARBY
KW - SYSTEM
KW - HARPS
U2 - 10.3847/1538-3881/ac50a9
DO - 10.3847/1538-3881/ac50a9
M3 - Journal article
VL - 163
JO - The Astronomical Journal
JF - The Astronomical Journal
SN - 0004-6256
IS - 4
M1 - 168
ER -
ID: 302382840