Winter cover crops favor cereal crop in N competition against creeping thistle Cirsium arvense (L.) Scop
Publikation: Bidrag til tidsskrift › Tidsskriftartikel › Forskning › fagfællebedømt
Standard
Winter cover crops favor cereal crop in N competition against creeping thistle Cirsium arvense (L.) Scop. / Phan, Hong T.T.; Wacker, Tomke Susanne; Thorup-Kristensen, Kristian.
I: Soil and Tillage Research, Bind 216, 105261, 2022.Publikation: Bidrag til tidsskrift › Tidsskriftartikel › Forskning › fagfællebedømt
Harvard
APA
Vancouver
Author
Bibtex
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
T1 - Winter cover crops favor cereal crop in N competition against creeping thistle Cirsium arvense (L.) Scop
AU - Phan, Hong T.T.
AU - Wacker, Tomke Susanne
AU - Thorup-Kristensen, Kristian
N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2021 Elsevier B.V.
PY - 2022
Y1 - 2022
N2 - Weed control is important to improve crop yield in organic farming. In Northern Europe, the use of mechanical weed control restricts the ability to use green manure-cover crops that could be a key source of N supply. In a two-year experiment repeated twice, the objective of this study was to compare the effect of cover crop- and autumn tillage-based systems on N uptake of the succeeding barley crop (Hordeum vulgare L.) and creeping thistle (Cirsium arvense (L.) Scop.). Each autumn, a 15NO3- tracer was applied to the topsoil, and in spring its recovery was measured in the soil, barley and thistle. The effect of cover crops on soil N distribution was significant: 66–85% of the total recovered 15NO3- was in the upper 0.5 m after the cover crop treatments, while after the autumn tillage treatment only 4–8% of the recovered 15NO3- was in this soil layer. The 15NO3- retained by cover crops in the topsoil postponed its availability to the deep-rooted thistle, while making it available to the shallow-rooted spring barley, thus strengthening the barley's ability to compete against thistle. In contrast, following autumn tillage, 15NO3- clearly leached downward; much of it leached below the barley root zone, but remained at depths where it could be taken up by thistle. Cover cropping was found to have a post-harvest control effect on perennial weeds.
AB - Weed control is important to improve crop yield in organic farming. In Northern Europe, the use of mechanical weed control restricts the ability to use green manure-cover crops that could be a key source of N supply. In a two-year experiment repeated twice, the objective of this study was to compare the effect of cover crop- and autumn tillage-based systems on N uptake of the succeeding barley crop (Hordeum vulgare L.) and creeping thistle (Cirsium arvense (L.) Scop.). Each autumn, a 15NO3- tracer was applied to the topsoil, and in spring its recovery was measured in the soil, barley and thistle. The effect of cover crops on soil N distribution was significant: 66–85% of the total recovered 15NO3- was in the upper 0.5 m after the cover crop treatments, while after the autumn tillage treatment only 4–8% of the recovered 15NO3- was in this soil layer. The 15NO3- retained by cover crops in the topsoil postponed its availability to the deep-rooted thistle, while making it available to the shallow-rooted spring barley, thus strengthening the barley's ability to compete against thistle. In contrast, following autumn tillage, 15NO3- clearly leached downward; much of it leached below the barley root zone, but remained at depths where it could be taken up by thistle. Cover cropping was found to have a post-harvest control effect on perennial weeds.
KW - N isotope
KW - Autumn tillage
KW - Cover crops
KW - Creeping thistle
KW - Inter-row hoeing
KW - Nitrogen distribution
KW - Organic farming
KW - Perennial weed control
KW - Species competition
U2 - 10.1016/j.still.2021.105261
DO - 10.1016/j.still.2021.105261
M3 - Journal article
AN - SCOPUS:85119596559
VL - 216
JO - Soil & Tillage Research
JF - Soil & Tillage Research
SN - 0167-1987
M1 - 105261
ER -
ID: 287071507