Thyroid function in covid-19 and the association with cytokine levels and mortality
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- Thyroid function in COVID-19 and the association with cytokine levels and mortality
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The hypothalamic–pituitary–thyroid hormone axis might be affected in COVID-19, but existing studies have shown varying results. It has been hypothesized that hyperinflammation, as reflected by the secretion of cytokines, might induce thyroid dysfunction among patients with COVID-19. We explored thyroid hormone involvement in the acute phase of symptomatic COVID-19 and its possible associations with cytokine levels and mortality risk. This was a single-center study of 116 consecutive patients hospitalized for moderate-to-severe COVID-19 disease. Serum concentrations of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), free thyroxine (T4), and 45 cytokines/chemokines were measured in all patients within 3 days of admission. Data were extracted retrospectively through a manual review of health records. At admission, 95 (81.9%) were euthyroid; while 21 (18.1%) had biochemically thyroid dysfunction including subclinical thyrotoxicosis (n = 11), overt thyrotoxicosis (n = 2), hypothyroidism (n = 1), non-thyroidal illness (n = 2), and normal TSH but high free T4 (n = 5). TSH levels were inversely correlated with IL-8 (rs = –0.248), IL-10 (rs = –0.253), IL-15 (rs = –0.213), IP-10 (rs = –0.334), and GM-CSF (rs = –0.254). Moreover, IL-8 levels, IP-10, and GM-CSF were significantly higher in patients with serum TSH < 0.4 mIU/L. Lastly, a two-fold increment of IL-8 and IL-10 was associated with significantly higher odds of having TSH < 0.4 mIU/L (odds ratio 1.86 (1.11–3.10) and 1.78 (1.03–3.06)). Serum TSH was not associated with 30-or 90-day mortality. In conclusion, this study suggests that fluctuations of TSH levels in patients with COVID-19 may be influenced by circulating IL-8, IL-10, IL-15, IP-10, and GM-CSF as previously described in autoimmune thyroid diseases.
Originalsprog | Engelsk |
---|---|
Tidsskrift | Endocrine Connections |
Vol/bind | 10 |
Udgave nummer | 10 |
Sider (fra-til) | 1234-1242 |
Antal sider | 9 |
ISSN | 2049-3614 |
DOI | |
Status | Udgivet - 2021 |
Bibliografisk note
Funding Information:
T B reports grants from Novo Nordisk Foundation? grants from Simonsen Foundation, grants and personal fees from GSK, grants and personal fees from ?fizer? personal fees from Boehringer 阀ngelheim? grants and personal fees from Gilead, personal fees from MSD, grants from Lundbeck Foundation, grants from Kai Hansen Foundation, personal fees from ?entabase ApS? grants from Erik and Susanna Olesen’s Charitable Fund? outside the submitted work. A J received unrestricted research grants from Novo Nordisk and Ferring and received speaker fees from Novo Nordisk? Ferring? 阀㌀SEN? Takeda and ?fizer? outside the submitted work? All other authors report no conflict of interests?
Funding Information:
The study was partly funded by Holbaek Hospital’s Research Foundation
Funding Information:
The study was partly funded by Holbaek Hospital?s Research Foundation and R&D Systems provided a discount on the reagents used in this study.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 The authors Published by Bioscientifica Ltd.
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