The monophyletic origin of a remarkable sexual system in akentrogonid rhizocephalan parasites: a molecular and larval structural study
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The monophyletic origin of a remarkable sexual system in akentrogonid rhizocephalan parasites : a molecular and larval structural study. / Glenner, Henrik; Høeg, Jens Thorvald; Stenderup, Jesper; Rybakov, Alexey V.
I: Experimental Parasitology, Bind 125, Nr. 1, 05.2010, s. 3-12.Publikation: Bidrag til tidsskrift › Tidsskriftartikel › Forskning › fagfællebedømt
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TY - JOUR
T1 - The monophyletic origin of a remarkable sexual system in akentrogonid rhizocephalan parasites
T2 - a molecular and larval structural study
AU - Glenner, Henrik
AU - Høeg, Jens Thorvald
AU - Stenderup, Jesper
AU - Rybakov, Alexey V.
N1 - Copyright 2010. Published by Elsevier Inc.
PY - 2010/5
Y1 - 2010/5
N2 - We use sequences from the nuclear ribosomal genes, 18S and 28S to analyze the phylogeny of the Rhizocephala Akentrogonida including two species, Clistosaccus paguri and Chthamalophilus delagei, that are critical for understanding rhizocephalan evolution but have not previously been part of a molecularly based study. In addition we use light and scanning electron microscopy to compare the cypris larvae of C. paguri, Sylon hippolytes and two species of the family Thompsoniidae, since this larval stage offers a suite of characters for analyzing the evolution of these otherwise highly reduced parasites. The Rhizocephala Akentrogonida form a monophyletic group nested within a paraphyletic "Kentrogonida". C. paguri and S. hippolytes are sistergroups confirming the monophyly of the Clistosaccidae that was originally based on similarities in the cypris larvae. We find numerous LM and SEM level similarities between the two species, many of which appear to be correlated with their specialized sexual system, where male cyprids use an antennule to implant cells into the virgin female parasite. Some of these traits are also found in cyprids of the thompsoniid species. We conclude that the special cypris morphology and the implantation of males by antennular penetration was present in the stem species to the Thompsoniidae and the Clistosaccidae and emphasize the power of larval characters in rhizocephalan systematics. C. delagei is a sister group to Boschmaella balani and the two are nested deep within the Akentrogonida. This confirms the monophyly of the Chthamalophilidae and falsifies the theory that C. delagei should represent the most primitive extant rhizocephalan. Instead, chthamalophilid rhizocephalans represent some of the most highly advanced members of the parasitic barnacles.
AB - We use sequences from the nuclear ribosomal genes, 18S and 28S to analyze the phylogeny of the Rhizocephala Akentrogonida including two species, Clistosaccus paguri and Chthamalophilus delagei, that are critical for understanding rhizocephalan evolution but have not previously been part of a molecularly based study. In addition we use light and scanning electron microscopy to compare the cypris larvae of C. paguri, Sylon hippolytes and two species of the family Thompsoniidae, since this larval stage offers a suite of characters for analyzing the evolution of these otherwise highly reduced parasites. The Rhizocephala Akentrogonida form a monophyletic group nested within a paraphyletic "Kentrogonida". C. paguri and S. hippolytes are sistergroups confirming the monophyly of the Clistosaccidae that was originally based on similarities in the cypris larvae. We find numerous LM and SEM level similarities between the two species, many of which appear to be correlated with their specialized sexual system, where male cyprids use an antennule to implant cells into the virgin female parasite. Some of these traits are also found in cyprids of the thompsoniid species. We conclude that the special cypris morphology and the implantation of males by antennular penetration was present in the stem species to the Thompsoniidae and the Clistosaccidae and emphasize the power of larval characters in rhizocephalan systematics. C. delagei is a sister group to Boschmaella balani and the two are nested deep within the Akentrogonida. This confirms the monophyly of the Chthamalophilidae and falsifies the theory that C. delagei should represent the most primitive extant rhizocephalan. Instead, chthamalophilid rhizocephalans represent some of the most highly advanced members of the parasitic barnacles.
KW - Animals
KW - Bayes Theorem
KW - DNA, Ribosomal
KW - Female
KW - Larva
KW - Male
KW - Microscopy, Electron, Scanning
KW - Microscopy, Interference
KW - Phylogeny
KW - RNA, Ribosomal, 18S
KW - RNA, Ribosomal, 28S
KW - Sequence Alignment
KW - Thoracica
U2 - 10.1016/j.exppara.2009.09.019
DO - 10.1016/j.exppara.2009.09.019
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 19786021
VL - 125
SP - 3
EP - 12
JO - Experimental Parasitology
JF - Experimental Parasitology
SN - 0014-4894
IS - 1
ER -
ID: 33764118