The Effect of Aging and Mechanical Loading on the Metabolism of Articular Cartilage
Publikation: Bidrag til tidsskrift › Review › Forskning › fagfællebedømt
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The Effect of Aging and Mechanical Loading on the Metabolism of Articular Cartilage. / Jørgensen, Adam El Mongy; Kjaer, Michael; Heinemeier, Katja Maria.
I: Journal of Rheumatology, Bind 44, Nr. 4, 04.2017, s. 410-417.Publikation: Bidrag til tidsskrift › Review › Forskning › fagfællebedømt
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TY - JOUR
T1 - The Effect of Aging and Mechanical Loading on the Metabolism of Articular Cartilage
AU - Jørgensen, Adam El Mongy
AU - Kjaer, Michael
AU - Heinemeier, Katja Maria
PY - 2017/4
Y1 - 2017/4
N2 - Objective. The morphology of articular cartilage (AC) enables painless movement. Aging and mechanical loading are believed to influence development of osteoarthritis (OA), yet the connection remains unclear.Methods. This narrative review describes the current knowledge regarding this area, with the literature search made on PubMed using appropriate keywords regarding AC, age, and mechanical loading.Results. Following skeletal maturation, chondrocyte numbers decline while increasing senescence occurs. Lower cartilage turnover causes diminished maintenance capacity, which produces accumulation of fibrillar crosslinks by advanced glycation end products, resulting in increased stiffness and thereby destruction susceptibility.Conclusion. Mechanical loading changes proteoglycan content. Moderate mechanical loading causes hypertrophy and reduced mechanical loading causes atrophy. Overloading produces collagen network damage and proteoglycan loss, leading to irreversible cartilage destruction because of lack of regenerative capacity. Catabolic pathways involve inflammation and the transcription factor nuclear factor-κB. Thus, age seems to be a predisposing factor for OA, with mechanical overload being the likely triggering cause.
AB - Objective. The morphology of articular cartilage (AC) enables painless movement. Aging and mechanical loading are believed to influence development of osteoarthritis (OA), yet the connection remains unclear.Methods. This narrative review describes the current knowledge regarding this area, with the literature search made on PubMed using appropriate keywords regarding AC, age, and mechanical loading.Results. Following skeletal maturation, chondrocyte numbers decline while increasing senescence occurs. Lower cartilage turnover causes diminished maintenance capacity, which produces accumulation of fibrillar crosslinks by advanced glycation end products, resulting in increased stiffness and thereby destruction susceptibility.Conclusion. Mechanical loading changes proteoglycan content. Moderate mechanical loading causes hypertrophy and reduced mechanical loading causes atrophy. Overloading produces collagen network damage and proteoglycan loss, leading to irreversible cartilage destruction because of lack of regenerative capacity. Catabolic pathways involve inflammation and the transcription factor nuclear factor-κB. Thus, age seems to be a predisposing factor for OA, with mechanical overload being the likely triggering cause.
KW - AGE
KW - OSTEOARTHRITIS
KW - BIOMECHANICS
KW - CARTILAGE
KW - CYTOKINES
U2 - 10.3899/jrheum.160226
DO - 10.3899/jrheum.160226
M3 - Review
C2 - 28250141
VL - 44
SP - 410
EP - 417
JO - Journal of Rheumatology
JF - Journal of Rheumatology
SN - 0315-162X
IS - 4
ER -
ID: 187264144