The early ontogenetic development of immune cells and organs in teleosts
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The early ontogenetic development of immune cells and organs in teleosts. / Buchmann, Kurt; Karami, Asma M.; Duan, Yajiao.
I: Fish and Shellfish Immunology, Bind 146, 109371, 2024.Publikation: Bidrag til tidsskrift › Tidsskriftartikel › Forskning › fagfællebedømt
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TY - JOUR
T1 - The early ontogenetic development of immune cells and organs in teleosts
AU - Buchmann, Kurt
AU - Karami, Asma M.
AU - Duan, Yajiao
N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2024 The Authors
PY - 2024
Y1 - 2024
N2 - Fully developed teleosts possess a highly developed immune system comprising both innate and adaptive elements, but when hatching from the egg, the yolksac larva is still at an ontogenetically incomplete stage with regard to physiological, including immunological, functions. The immune system in these young fish stages is far less developed when compared to the youngs appearing from reptile and avian eggs and from most mammals at parturition. In those vertebrate groups the early ontogenetic development of the fetus is highly protected. The lack of a fully developed immune system in yolksac larvae of fish is critical, because this stage encounters a potentially hostile and infectious aquatic environment. The strong selective pressure on the immune system of the yolksac larva and the youngest fry stages explains the existence of a multi-facetted innate system, which is protecting the young fish stages against viral, bacterial and parasitic infections. The sequential development of immune cells and organs depends on host species and its environmental setting. However, a strong armament comprising innate cells (neutrophilic granulocytes, macrophages) and molecules (receptors, lectins, complement, AMPs and constitutively expressed immunoglobulins) protect the earliest stages. The adaptive immune elements, including T-cells and B-cells, occur gradually in headkidney, spleen, thymus, tonsils, bursa equivalent (if present) and mucosa associated lymphoid cells. A functional protective response following immunization occur later.
AB - Fully developed teleosts possess a highly developed immune system comprising both innate and adaptive elements, but when hatching from the egg, the yolksac larva is still at an ontogenetically incomplete stage with regard to physiological, including immunological, functions. The immune system in these young fish stages is far less developed when compared to the youngs appearing from reptile and avian eggs and from most mammals at parturition. In those vertebrate groups the early ontogenetic development of the fetus is highly protected. The lack of a fully developed immune system in yolksac larvae of fish is critical, because this stage encounters a potentially hostile and infectious aquatic environment. The strong selective pressure on the immune system of the yolksac larva and the youngest fry stages explains the existence of a multi-facetted innate system, which is protecting the young fish stages against viral, bacterial and parasitic infections. The sequential development of immune cells and organs depends on host species and its environmental setting. However, a strong armament comprising innate cells (neutrophilic granulocytes, macrophages) and molecules (receptors, lectins, complement, AMPs and constitutively expressed immunoglobulins) protect the earliest stages. The adaptive immune elements, including T-cells and B-cells, occur gradually in headkidney, spleen, thymus, tonsils, bursa equivalent (if present) and mucosa associated lymphoid cells. A functional protective response following immunization occur later.
KW - Adaptive immunity
KW - Fish
KW - Innate immunity
KW - Ontogeny
U2 - 10.1016/j.fsi.2024.109371
DO - 10.1016/j.fsi.2024.109371
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 38232790
AN - SCOPUS:85184906450
VL - 146
JO - Fish and Shellfish Immunology
JF - Fish and Shellfish Immunology
SN - 1050-4648
M1 - 109371
ER -
ID: 385268613