TY - JOUR

T1 - Streptococcal infective endocarditis

T2 - clinical features and outcomes according to species

AU - Chamat-Hedemand, Sandra

AU - Dahl, Anders

AU - Hassager, Christian

AU - Arpi, Magnus

AU - Østergaard, Lauge

AU - Bundgaard, Henning

AU - Lauridsen, Trine K.

AU - Oestergaard, Louise Bruun

AU - Gislason, Gunnar

AU - Fosbøl, Emil

AU - Bruun, Niels Eske

N1 - Funding Information: This work was supported by unrestricted research grants from the Research Council and the Department of Cardiology at Herlev-Gentofte University Hospital; the Department of Cardiology at Zealand University Hospital Roskilde; Direktør Jacob Madsen’s og Hustru Olga Madsen’s fond; Helsefonden (Grant number 20-B-0340); and Skibsreder Per Henriksen, R. og Hustrus Fond. The funders of the study were not involved in the study design, data collection, data analysis, data interpretation, writing of the report or in the decision to submit the paper for publication.

PY - 2023

Y1 - 2023

N2 - Purpose: Infective endocarditis (IE) is frequently caused by streptococcal species, yet clinical features and mortality are poorly investigated. Our aim was to examine patients with streptococcal IE to describe clinical features and outcomes according to streptococcal species. Methods: From 2002 to 2012, we investigated patients with IE admitted to two tertiary Danish heart centres. Adult patients with left-sided streptococcal IE were included. Adjusted multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed, to assess the association between streptococcal species and heart valve surgery or 1-year mortality. Results: Among 915 patients with IE, 284 (31%) patients with streptococcal IE were included [mean age 63.5 years (SD 14.1), 69% men]. The most frequent species were S. mitis/oralis (21%) and S. gallolyticus (17%). Fever (86%) and heart murmur (81%) were common symptoms, while dyspnoea was observed in 46%. Further, 18% of all cases were complicated by a cardiac abscess/pseudoaneurysm and 25% by an embolic event. Heart valve surgery during admission was performed in 55% of all patients, and S. gallolyticus (OR 0.28 [95% CI 0.11–0.69]) was associated with less surgery compared with S. mitis/oralis. In-hospital mortality was 7% and 1-year mortality 15%, without any difference between species. Conclusion: S. mitis/oralis and S. gallolyticus were the most frequent streptococcal species causing IE. Further, S. gallolyticus IE was associated with less heart valve surgery during admission compared with S. mitis/oralis IE. Being aware of specific symptoms, clinical findings, and complications related to different streptococcal species, may help the clinicians in expecting different outcomes.

AB - Purpose: Infective endocarditis (IE) is frequently caused by streptococcal species, yet clinical features and mortality are poorly investigated. Our aim was to examine patients with streptococcal IE to describe clinical features and outcomes according to streptococcal species. Methods: From 2002 to 2012, we investigated patients with IE admitted to two tertiary Danish heart centres. Adult patients with left-sided streptococcal IE were included. Adjusted multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed, to assess the association between streptococcal species and heart valve surgery or 1-year mortality. Results: Among 915 patients with IE, 284 (31%) patients with streptococcal IE were included [mean age 63.5 years (SD 14.1), 69% men]. The most frequent species were S. mitis/oralis (21%) and S. gallolyticus (17%). Fever (86%) and heart murmur (81%) were common symptoms, while dyspnoea was observed in 46%. Further, 18% of all cases were complicated by a cardiac abscess/pseudoaneurysm and 25% by an embolic event. Heart valve surgery during admission was performed in 55% of all patients, and S. gallolyticus (OR 0.28 [95% CI 0.11–0.69]) was associated with less surgery compared with S. mitis/oralis. In-hospital mortality was 7% and 1-year mortality 15%, without any difference between species. Conclusion: S. mitis/oralis and S. gallolyticus were the most frequent streptococcal species causing IE. Further, S. gallolyticus IE was associated with less heart valve surgery during admission compared with S. mitis/oralis IE. Being aware of specific symptoms, clinical findings, and complications related to different streptococcal species, may help the clinicians in expecting different outcomes.

KW - Infective endocarditis

KW - Mortality

KW - Streptococcal species

KW - Surgery

KW - Symptoms

U2 - 10.1007/s15010-022-01929-1

DO - 10.1007/s15010-022-01929-1

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 36152224

AN - SCOPUS:85138688888

VL - 51

SP - 869

EP - 879

JO - Therapies

JF - Therapies

SN - 0300-8126

IS - 4

ER -