Prevalence and association with birth outcomes of low vitamin D levels among pregnant women living with HIV
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Prevalence and association with birth outcomes of low vitamin D levels among pregnant women living with HIV. / Bergløv, Anne; Moseholm, Ellen; Katzenstein, Terese L.; Johansen, Isik S.; Storgaard, Merete; Pedersen, Gitte; Weis, Nina.
I: AIDS, Bind 35, Nr. 9, 2021, s. 1491-1496.Publikation: Bidrag til tidsskrift › Tidsskriftartikel › Forskning › fagfællebedømt
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T1 - Prevalence and association with birth outcomes of low vitamin D levels among pregnant women living with HIV
AU - Bergløv, Anne
AU - Moseholm, Ellen
AU - Katzenstein, Terese L.
AU - Johansen, Isik S.
AU - Storgaard, Merete
AU - Pedersen, Gitte
AU - Weis, Nina
N1 - Publisher Copyright: Copyright © 2021 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.
PY - 2021
Y1 - 2021
N2 - OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the prevalence of low vitamin D levels among well treated pregnant women living with HIV (WLWH) on combination antiretroviral therapy in Denmark, to identify risk factors of low vitamin D levels, and to assess the association between vitamin D status and birth outcomes. DESIGN: Nationwide cohort study. METHODS: All WLWH in Denmark giving birth from 2000 to 2018 with a vitamin D measurement during pregnancy were identified. Risk factors for low vitamin D (deficiency or insufficiency) were assessed using log-binomial regression models, both univariate and adjusted for maternal and HIV factors. The association between vitamin D status and birth outcomes was assessed using linear regression models for continuous outcomes and log-binomial models for binary outcomes. RESULTS: Among 208 WLWH, the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency was 13%, insufficiency 34%, and sufficiency 53%. Being of African origin (RR 2.68, P = 0.01), Asian origin (RR 3.38, P = < 0.01), or having HIV RNA levels more than 50 copies/ml (RR 1.43, P = 0.04) was associated with an increased risk of low vitamin D level. WLWH with vitamin D deficiency had an increased risk of preterm birth (RR 2.66, P = 0.03) and giving birth to small for gestational age (SGA) children (RR 6.83, P = 0.02) compared with WLWH with sufficient vitamin D level. CONCLUSION: Low vitamin D level was prevalent among well treated pregnant WLWH in Denmark, especially among women of African or Asian origin, and women with detectable viral loads. Vitamin D deficiency was associated with an increased risk of preterm birth and SGA.
AB - OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the prevalence of low vitamin D levels among well treated pregnant women living with HIV (WLWH) on combination antiretroviral therapy in Denmark, to identify risk factors of low vitamin D levels, and to assess the association between vitamin D status and birth outcomes. DESIGN: Nationwide cohort study. METHODS: All WLWH in Denmark giving birth from 2000 to 2018 with a vitamin D measurement during pregnancy were identified. Risk factors for low vitamin D (deficiency or insufficiency) were assessed using log-binomial regression models, both univariate and adjusted for maternal and HIV factors. The association between vitamin D status and birth outcomes was assessed using linear regression models for continuous outcomes and log-binomial models for binary outcomes. RESULTS: Among 208 WLWH, the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency was 13%, insufficiency 34%, and sufficiency 53%. Being of African origin (RR 2.68, P = 0.01), Asian origin (RR 3.38, P = < 0.01), or having HIV RNA levels more than 50 copies/ml (RR 1.43, P = 0.04) was associated with an increased risk of low vitamin D level. WLWH with vitamin D deficiency had an increased risk of preterm birth (RR 2.66, P = 0.03) and giving birth to small for gestational age (SGA) children (RR 6.83, P = 0.02) compared with WLWH with sufficient vitamin D level. CONCLUSION: Low vitamin D level was prevalent among well treated pregnant WLWH in Denmark, especially among women of African or Asian origin, and women with detectable viral loads. Vitamin D deficiency was associated with an increased risk of preterm birth and SGA.
U2 - 10.1097/QAD.0000000000002899
DO - 10.1097/QAD.0000000000002899
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 33813556
AN - SCOPUS:85111788602
VL - 35
SP - 1491
EP - 1496
JO - AIDS
JF - AIDS
SN - 1350-2840
IS - 9
ER -
ID: 276276127