Niche and neutral processes leave distinct structural imprints on indirect interactions in mutualistic networks
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Niche and neutral processes leave distinct structural imprints on indirect interactions in mutualistic networks. / Simmons, Benno I.; Beckerman, Andrew P.; Hansen, Katrine; Maruyama, Pietro K.; Televantos, Constantinos; Vizentin-Bugoni, Jeferson; Dalsgaard, Bo.
I: Functional Ecology, Bind 35, Nr. 3, 2021, s. 753-763.Publikation: Bidrag til tidsskrift › Tidsskriftartikel › Forskning › fagfællebedømt
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TY - JOUR
T1 - Niche and neutral processes leave distinct structural imprints on indirect interactions in mutualistic networks
AU - Simmons, Benno I.
AU - Beckerman, Andrew P.
AU - Hansen, Katrine
AU - Maruyama, Pietro K.
AU - Televantos, Constantinos
AU - Vizentin-Bugoni, Jeferson
AU - Dalsgaard, Bo
PY - 2021
Y1 - 2021
N2 - Indirect interactions are central to ecological and evolutionary dynamics in pollination communities, yet we have little understanding about the processes determining patterns of indirect interactions, such as those between pollinators through shared flowering plants. Instead, research has concentrated on the processes responsible for direct interactions and whole-network structures. This is partly due to a lack of appropriate tools for characterising indirect interaction structures, because traditional network metrics discard much of this information. The recent development of tools for counting motifs (subnetworks depicting interactions between a small number of species) in bipartite networks enables detailed analysis of indirect interaction patterns. Here we generate plant–hummingbird pollination networks based on three major assembly processes—neutral effects (species interacting in proportion to abundance), morphological matching and phenological overlap—and evaluate the motifs associated with each one. We find that different processes produce networks with significantly different patterns of indirect interactions. Neutral effects tend to produce densely connected motifs, with short indirect interaction chains, and motifs where many specialists interact indirectly through a single generalist. Conversely, niche-based processes (morphology and phenology) produced motifs with a core of interacting generalists, supported by peripheral specialists. These results have important implications for understanding the processes determining indirect interaction structures. A free Plain Language Summary can be found within the Supporting Information of this article.
AB - Indirect interactions are central to ecological and evolutionary dynamics in pollination communities, yet we have little understanding about the processes determining patterns of indirect interactions, such as those between pollinators through shared flowering plants. Instead, research has concentrated on the processes responsible for direct interactions and whole-network structures. This is partly due to a lack of appropriate tools for characterising indirect interaction structures, because traditional network metrics discard much of this information. The recent development of tools for counting motifs (subnetworks depicting interactions between a small number of species) in bipartite networks enables detailed analysis of indirect interaction patterns. Here we generate plant–hummingbird pollination networks based on three major assembly processes—neutral effects (species interacting in proportion to abundance), morphological matching and phenological overlap—and evaluate the motifs associated with each one. We find that different processes produce networks with significantly different patterns of indirect interactions. Neutral effects tend to produce densely connected motifs, with short indirect interaction chains, and motifs where many specialists interact indirectly through a single generalist. Conversely, niche-based processes (morphology and phenology) produced motifs with a core of interacting generalists, supported by peripheral specialists. These results have important implications for understanding the processes determining indirect interaction structures. A free Plain Language Summary can be found within the Supporting Information of this article.
KW - hummingbird
KW - motifs
KW - plant–pollinator network
KW - pollination
U2 - 10.1111/1365-2435.13736
DO - 10.1111/1365-2435.13736
M3 - Journal article
AN - SCOPUS:85097845542
VL - 35
SP - 753
EP - 763
JO - Functional Ecology
JF - Functional Ecology
SN - 0269-8463
IS - 3
ER -
ID: 255445044