Multiple photoreceptor systems control the swim pacemaker activity in box jellyfish
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Multiple photoreceptor systems control the swim pacemaker activity in box jellyfish. / Garm, Anders Lydik; Mori, S.
I: Journal of Experimental Biology, Bind 212, Nr. 24, 2009, s. 3951-3960.Publikation: Bidrag til tidsskrift › Tidsskriftartikel › Forskning › fagfællebedømt
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TY - JOUR
T1 - Multiple photoreceptor systems control the swim pacemaker activity in box jellyfish
AU - Garm, Anders Lydik
AU - Mori, S.
N1 - Key words: cubomedusae, eyes, pacemaker, swim pulse, Tripedalia
PY - 2009
Y1 - 2009
N2 - Like all other cnidarian medusae, box jellyfish propel themselves through the water by contracting their bell-shaped body in discrete swim pulses. These pulses are controlled by a swim pacemaker system situated in their sensory structures, the rhopalia. Each medusa has four rhopalia each with a similar set of six eyes of four morphologically different types. We have examined how each of the four eye types influences the swim pacemaker. Multiple photoreceptor systems, three of the four eye types, plus the rhopalial neuropil, affect the swim pacemaker. The lower lens eye inhibits the pacemaker when stimulated and provokes a strong increase in the pacemaker frequency upon light-off. The upper lens eye, the pit eyes and the rhopalial neuropil all have close to the opposite effect. When these responses are compared with all-eye stimulations it is seen that some advanced integration must take place.
AB - Like all other cnidarian medusae, box jellyfish propel themselves through the water by contracting their bell-shaped body in discrete swim pulses. These pulses are controlled by a swim pacemaker system situated in their sensory structures, the rhopalia. Each medusa has four rhopalia each with a similar set of six eyes of four morphologically different types. We have examined how each of the four eye types influences the swim pacemaker. Multiple photoreceptor systems, three of the four eye types, plus the rhopalial neuropil, affect the swim pacemaker. The lower lens eye inhibits the pacemaker when stimulated and provokes a strong increase in the pacemaker frequency upon light-off. The upper lens eye, the pit eyes and the rhopalial neuropil all have close to the opposite effect. When these responses are compared with all-eye stimulations it is seen that some advanced integration must take place.
U2 - 10.1242/jeb.031559
DO - 10.1242/jeb.031559
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 19946073
VL - 212
SP - 3951
EP - 3960
JO - Journal of Experimental Biology
JF - Journal of Experimental Biology
SN - 0022-0949
IS - 24
ER -
ID: 16126170