Hypercritical accretion during common envelopes in triples leading to binary black holes in the pair-instability-supernova mass gap
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Hydrodynamic studies of stellar-mass compact objects (COs) in a common envelope (CE) have shown that the accretion rate onto the CO is a few orders of magnitude below the Bondi-Hoyle-Lyttleton (BHL) estimate. This is several orders of magnitude above the Eddington limit and above the limit for neutrino-cooled accretion (i.e. hypercritical accretion or HCA). Considering that a binary system inside the CE of a third star accretes material at nearly the same rate as a single object of the same total mass, we propose stellar-evolution channels which form binary black hole (BBH) systems with its component masses within the pair-instability supernova (PISN) mass gap. Our model is based on HCA onto the BBH system engulfed into the CE of a massive tertiary star. Furthermore, we propose a mass transfer mode which allows to store mass lost by the binary onto a third star. Through the use of population synthesis simulations for the evolution of BBHs and standard binary-evolution principles for the interaction with a tertiary star, we are able to produce BBHs masses consistent with those estimated for GW190521. We also discuss the massive binary system Mk34 as a possible progenitor of BBHs in the PISN gap.
Originalsprog | Engelsk |
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Tidsskrift | Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society |
Vol/bind | 522 |
Udgave nummer | 2 |
Sider (fra-til) | 1686-1696 |
Antal sider | 11 |
ISSN | 0035-8711 |
DOI | |
Status | Udgivet - 21 apr. 2023 |
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