Electronic Pneumatic Injection-Assisted Dermal Drug Delivery Visualized by Ex Vivo Confocal Microscopy
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Electronic Pneumatic Injection-Assisted Dermal Drug Delivery Visualized by Ex Vivo Confocal Microscopy. / Bik, Liora; van Doorn, Martijn B.A.; Biskup, Edyta; Ortner, Vinzent K.; Haedersdal, Merete; Olesen, Uffe H.
I: Lasers in Surgery and Medicine, Bind 53, Nr. 1, 2021, s. 141-147.Publikation: Bidrag til tidsskrift › Tidsskriftartikel › Forskning › fagfællebedømt
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TY - JOUR
T1 - Electronic Pneumatic Injection-Assisted Dermal Drug Delivery Visualized by Ex Vivo Confocal Microscopy
AU - Bik, Liora
AU - van Doorn, Martijn B.A.
AU - Biskup, Edyta
AU - Ortner, Vinzent K.
AU - Haedersdal, Merete
AU - Olesen, Uffe H.
N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2020 The Authors. Lasers in Surgery and Medicine published by Wiley Periodicals LLC
PY - 2021
Y1 - 2021
N2 - Background and Objectives: Electronic pneumatic injection (EPI) is a technique for dermal drug delivery, which is increasingly being used in clinical practice. However, only few studies have been reported on cutaneous drug distribution and related clinical endpoints. We aimed to visualize the immediate cutaneous drug distribution, changes in skin architecture, and related clinical endpoint of EPI. Study Design/Materials and Methods: Acridine orange (AO) solution was administered to ex vivo porcine skin by EPI at pressure levels from 4 to 6 bar with a fixed injection volume of 50 µl and nozzle size of 200 µm. Immediate cutaneous distribution was visualized using ex vivo confocal microscopy (EVCM). Changes in skin architecture were visualized using both EVCM and hematoxylin and eosin-stained cryosections. Results: The defined immediate endpoint was a clinically visible papule formation on the skin. The pressure threshold to consistently induce a papule was 4 bar, achieving delivery of AO to the deep dermis (2319 µm axial and 5944 µm lateral distribution). Increasing the pressure level to 6 bar did not lead to significant differences in axial and lateral dispersion (P = 0.842, P = 0.905; respectively). A distinctively hemispherical distribution pattern was identified. Disruption of skin architecture occurred independently of pressure level, and consisted of subepidermal clefts, dermal vacuoles, and fragmented collagen. Conclusions: This is the first study to relate a reproducible clinical endpoint to EPI-assisted immediate drug delivery using EVCM. An EPI-induced skin papule indicates dermal drug delivery throughout all layers of the dermis, independent of pressure level settings. Lasers Surg. Med.
AB - Background and Objectives: Electronic pneumatic injection (EPI) is a technique for dermal drug delivery, which is increasingly being used in clinical practice. However, only few studies have been reported on cutaneous drug distribution and related clinical endpoints. We aimed to visualize the immediate cutaneous drug distribution, changes in skin architecture, and related clinical endpoint of EPI. Study Design/Materials and Methods: Acridine orange (AO) solution was administered to ex vivo porcine skin by EPI at pressure levels from 4 to 6 bar with a fixed injection volume of 50 µl and nozzle size of 200 µm. Immediate cutaneous distribution was visualized using ex vivo confocal microscopy (EVCM). Changes in skin architecture were visualized using both EVCM and hematoxylin and eosin-stained cryosections. Results: The defined immediate endpoint was a clinically visible papule formation on the skin. The pressure threshold to consistently induce a papule was 4 bar, achieving delivery of AO to the deep dermis (2319 µm axial and 5944 µm lateral distribution). Increasing the pressure level to 6 bar did not lead to significant differences in axial and lateral dispersion (P = 0.842, P = 0.905; respectively). A distinctively hemispherical distribution pattern was identified. Disruption of skin architecture occurred independently of pressure level, and consisted of subepidermal clefts, dermal vacuoles, and fragmented collagen. Conclusions: This is the first study to relate a reproducible clinical endpoint to EPI-assisted immediate drug delivery using EVCM. An EPI-induced skin papule indicates dermal drug delivery throughout all layers of the dermis, independent of pressure level settings. Lasers Surg. Med.
KW - biodistribution
KW - dermatology
KW - device
KW - drug delivery
KW - electronically-controlled
KW - ex vivo confocal microscopy
KW - needle-free injection
KW - pneumatic device
KW - skin
U2 - 10.1002/lsm.23279
DO - 10.1002/lsm.23279
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 32515075
AN - SCOPUS:85086092581
VL - 53
SP - 141
EP - 147
JO - Lasers in Surgery and Medicine
JF - Lasers in Surgery and Medicine
SN - 0196-8092
IS - 1
ER -
ID: 302458339