TY - JOUR

T1 - EAACI guidelines on the diagnosis of IgE-mediated food allergy

AU - Santos, Alexandra F

AU - Riggioni, Carmen

AU - Agache, Ioana

AU - Akdis, Cezmi A

AU - Akdis, Mubeccel

AU - Alvarez-Perea, Alberto

AU - Alvaro-Lozano, Montserrat

AU - Ballmer-Weber, Barbara

AU - Barni, Simona

AU - Beyer, Kirsten

AU - Bindslev-Jensen, Carsten

AU - Brough, Helen A

AU - Buyuktiryaki, Betul

AU - Chu, Derek

AU - Del Giacco, Stefano

AU - Dunn-Galvin, Audrey

AU - Eberlein, Bernadette

AU - Ebisawa, Motohiro

AU - Eigenmann, Philippe

AU - Eiwegger, Thomas

AU - Feeney, Mary

AU - Fernandez-Rivas, Montserrat

AU - Fisher, Helen R

AU - Fleischer, David M

AU - Giovannini, Mattia

AU - Gray, Claudia

AU - Hoffmann-Sommergruber, Karin

AU - Halken, Susanne

AU - Hourihane, Jonathan O'B

AU - Jones, Christina J

AU - Jutel, Marek

AU - Knol, Edward

AU - Konstantinou, George N

AU - Lack, Gideon

AU - Lau, Susanne

AU - Marques Mejias, Andreina

AU - Marchisotto, Mary Jane

AU - Meyer, Rosan

AU - Mortz, Charlotte G

AU - Moya, Beatriz

AU - Muraro, Antonella

AU - Nilsson, Caroline

AU - Lopes de Oliveira, Lucila Camargo

AU - O'Mahony, Liam

AU - Papadopoulos, Nikolaos G

AU - Perrett, Kirsten

AU - Peters, Rachel L

AU - Podesta, Marcia

AU - Poulsen, Lars K

AU - Roberts, Graham

AU - Sampson, Hugh A

AU - Schwarze, Jürgen

AU - Smith, Peter

AU - Tham, Elizabeth Huiwen

AU - Untersmayr, Eva

AU - Van Ree, Ronald

AU - Venter, Carina

AU - Vickery, Brian P

AU - Vlieg-Boerstra, Berber

AU - Werfel, Thomas

AU - Worm, Margitta

AU - Du Toit, George

AU - Skypala, Isabel

N1 - © 2023 The Authors. Allergy published by European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

PY - 2023

Y1 - 2023

N2 - This European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology guideline provides recommendations for diagnosing IgE-mediated food allergy and was developed using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations (GRADE) approach. Food allergy diagnosis starts with an allergy-focused clinical history followed by tests to determine IgE sensitization, such as serum allergen-specific IgE (sIgE) and skin prick test (SPT), and the basophil activation test (BAT), if available. Evidence for IgE sensitization should be sought for any suspected foods. The diagnosis of allergy to some foods, such as peanut and cashew nut, is well supported by SPT and serum sIgE, whereas there are less data and the performance of these tests is poorer for other foods, such as wheat and soya. The measurement of sIgE to allergen components such as Ara h 2 from peanut, Cor a 14 from hazelnut and Ana o 3 from cashew can be useful to further support the diagnosis, especially in pollen-sensitized individuals. BAT to peanut and sesame can be used additionally. The reference standard for food allergy diagnosis is the oral food challenge (OFC). OFC should be performed in equivocal cases. For practical reasons, open challenges are suitable in most cases. Reassessment of food allergic children with allergy tests and/or OFCs periodically over time will enable reintroduction of food into the diet in the case of spontaneous acquisition of oral tolerance.

AB - This European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology guideline provides recommendations for diagnosing IgE-mediated food allergy and was developed using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations (GRADE) approach. Food allergy diagnosis starts with an allergy-focused clinical history followed by tests to determine IgE sensitization, such as serum allergen-specific IgE (sIgE) and skin prick test (SPT), and the basophil activation test (BAT), if available. Evidence for IgE sensitization should be sought for any suspected foods. The diagnosis of allergy to some foods, such as peanut and cashew nut, is well supported by SPT and serum sIgE, whereas there are less data and the performance of these tests is poorer for other foods, such as wheat and soya. The measurement of sIgE to allergen components such as Ara h 2 from peanut, Cor a 14 from hazelnut and Ana o 3 from cashew can be useful to further support the diagnosis, especially in pollen-sensitized individuals. BAT to peanut and sesame can be used additionally. The reference standard for food allergy diagnosis is the oral food challenge (OFC). OFC should be performed in equivocal cases. For practical reasons, open challenges are suitable in most cases. Reassessment of food allergic children with allergy tests and/or OFCs periodically over time will enable reintroduction of food into the diet in the case of spontaneous acquisition of oral tolerance.

U2 - 10.1111/all.15902

DO - 10.1111/all.15902

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 37815205

VL - 78

SP - 3057

EP - 3076

JO - Allergy: European Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology

JF - Allergy: European Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology

SN - 0105-4538

IS - 12

ER -