Comparisons of Different Carbohydrate Quality Indices for Risk of Type 2 Diabetes in the Malmö Diet and Cancer Study
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Comparisons of Different Carbohydrate Quality Indices for Risk of Type 2 Diabetes in the Malmö Diet and Cancer Study. / Ramstedt, Michaela; Janzi, Suzanne; Olsson, Kjell; González-Padilla, Esther; Ramne, Stina; Borné, Yan; Ericson, Ulrika; Sonestedt, Emily.
I: Nutrients, Bind 15, Nr. 18, 05.09.2023.Publikation: Bidrag til tidsskrift › Tidsskriftartikel › Forskning › fagfællebedømt
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TY - JOUR
T1 - Comparisons of Different Carbohydrate Quality Indices for Risk of Type 2 Diabetes in the Malmö Diet and Cancer Study
AU - Ramstedt, Michaela
AU - Janzi, Suzanne
AU - Olsson, Kjell
AU - González-Padilla, Esther
AU - Ramne, Stina
AU - Borné, Yan
AU - Ericson, Ulrika
AU - Sonestedt, Emily
PY - 2023/9/5
Y1 - 2023/9/5
N2 - Carbohydrate quality might be more important than quantity to reduce type 2 diabetes (T2D) risk. Various metrics of carbohydrate quality exist; however, their associations with T2D have only been studied to a limited extent. Consequently, the aim was to investigate the association between four different pre-defined carbohydrate quality indices, with various amounts of fiber (≥1 g) and free sugar (<1 or <2 g) per 10 g of carbohydrates, and T2D risk among 26,622 individuals without diabetes from the Malmö Diet and Cancer cohort. Dietary data were collected through a food diary, diet frequency questionnaire, and interview. After a mean follow-up of 18 years, 4046 cases were identified through registers. After adjusting for potential confounders, no statistically significant associations were found for any of the indices. When excluding individuals with past dietary changes and potential misreporting of energy (36% of the population), lower risk was found for the following intake ratios: 10:1:2 carbohydrate:fiber:free sugar (HR = 0.82; 95% CI = 0.70-0.97), and 10:1&1:2 carbohydrate:fiber and fiber:free sugar, respectively (HR = 0.84; 95% CI = 0.72-0.97). Our findings indicate that adherence to a diet with high amounts of fiber and moderate amounts of free sugar in relation to total carbohydrate intake may be associated with a lower risk of T2D.
AB - Carbohydrate quality might be more important than quantity to reduce type 2 diabetes (T2D) risk. Various metrics of carbohydrate quality exist; however, their associations with T2D have only been studied to a limited extent. Consequently, the aim was to investigate the association between four different pre-defined carbohydrate quality indices, with various amounts of fiber (≥1 g) and free sugar (<1 or <2 g) per 10 g of carbohydrates, and T2D risk among 26,622 individuals without diabetes from the Malmö Diet and Cancer cohort. Dietary data were collected through a food diary, diet frequency questionnaire, and interview. After a mean follow-up of 18 years, 4046 cases were identified through registers. After adjusting for potential confounders, no statistically significant associations were found for any of the indices. When excluding individuals with past dietary changes and potential misreporting of energy (36% of the population), lower risk was found for the following intake ratios: 10:1:2 carbohydrate:fiber:free sugar (HR = 0.82; 95% CI = 0.70-0.97), and 10:1&1:2 carbohydrate:fiber and fiber:free sugar, respectively (HR = 0.84; 95% CI = 0.72-0.97). Our findings indicate that adherence to a diet with high amounts of fiber and moderate amounts of free sugar in relation to total carbohydrate intake may be associated with a lower risk of T2D.
KW - Humans
KW - Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/epidemiology
KW - Dietary Fiber
KW - Dietary Carbohydrates
KW - Diet
KW - Sugars
KW - Neoplasms/epidemiology
KW - Risk Factors
U2 - 10.3390/nu15183870
DO - 10.3390/nu15183870
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 37764654
VL - 15
JO - Nutrients
JF - Nutrients
SN - 2072-6643
IS - 18
ER -
ID: 396726334