Clinical implementation of first trimester screening for congenital heart defects

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Objective
To examine the feasibility and performance of implementing a standardized fetal cardiac scan at the time of a routine first-trimester ultrasound scan.

Method
A retrospective, single-center study in an unselected population between March 2021 and July 2022. A standardized cardiac scan protocol consisting of a four-chamber and 3-vessel trachea view with color Doppler was implemented as part of the routine first-trimester scan. Sonographers were asked to categorize the fetal heart anatomy. Data were stratified into two groups based on the possibility of evaluating the fetal heart. The influence of maternal and fetal characteristics and the detection of major congenital heart disease were investigated.

Results
A total of 5083 fetuses were included. The fetal heart evaluation was completed in 84.9%. The proportion of successful scans increased throughout the study period from 76% in the first month to 92% in the last month. High maternal body mass index and early gestational age at scan significantly decreased the feasibility. The first-trimester detection of major congenital heart defects was 7/16, of which four cases were identified by the cardiac scan protocol with no false-positive cases.

Conclusion
First-trimester evaluation of the fetal heart by a standardized scan protocol is feasible to implement in daily practice. It can contribute to the earlier detection of congenital heart defects at a very low false positive rate.
OriginalsprogEngelsk
TidsskriftPrenatal Diagnosis
Vol/bind44
Udgave nummer6-7
Sider (fra-til)688-697
ISSN0197-3851
DOI
StatusUdgivet - 2024

Bibliografisk note

Funding Information:
We want to thank the sonographers in the Center for Fetal Medicine and Pregnancy, Department of Obstetrics, Rigshospitalet, for their positive attitude towards the implementation of first trimester screening of the fetal heart. This study was not funded. Professor Olav Bj\u00F8rn Petersen holds a professorship funded by the Novo Nordic Foundation NNFSA170030576.

Publisher Copyright:
© 2024 The Authors. Prenatal Diagnosis published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

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