Baseline measures of cerebral glutamate and GABA levels in individuals at ultrahigh risk for psychosis: Implications for clinical outcome after 12 months
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Baseline measures of cerebral glutamate and GABA levels in individuals at ultrahigh risk for psychosis : Implications for clinical outcome after 12 months. / Wenneberg, C.; Glenthøj, B. Y.; Glenthøj, L. B.; Fagerlund, B.; Krakauer, K.; Kristensen, T. D.; Hjorthøj, C.; Edden, R. A.E.; Broberg, B. V.; Bojesen, K. B.; Rostrup, E.; Nordentoft, M.
I: European psychiatry : the journal of the Association of European Psychiatrists, Bind 63, Nr. 1, e83, 2020.Publikation: Bidrag til tidsskrift › Tidsskriftartikel › Forskning › fagfællebedømt
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TY - JOUR
T1 - Baseline measures of cerebral glutamate and GABA levels in individuals at ultrahigh risk for psychosis
T2 - Implications for clinical outcome after 12 months
AU - Wenneberg, C.
AU - Glenthøj, B. Y.
AU - Glenthøj, L. B.
AU - Fagerlund, B.
AU - Krakauer, K.
AU - Kristensen, T. D.
AU - Hjorthøj, C.
AU - Edden, R. A.E.
AU - Broberg, B. V.
AU - Bojesen, K. B.
AU - Rostrup, E.
AU - Nordentoft, M.
PY - 2020
Y1 - 2020
N2 - BACKGROUND.: Cerebral glutamate and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) levels might predict clinical outcome in individuals at ultrahigh risk (UHR) for psychosis but have previously primarily been investigated in smaller cohorts. We aimed to study whether baseline levels of glutamate and GABA in anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and glutamate in thalamus could predict remission status and whether baseline metabolites differed in the remission versus the nonremission group. We also investigated the relationship between baseline metabolite levels and severity of clinical symptoms, functional outcome, and cognitive deficits at follow-up. METHODS.: About 124 UHR individuals were recruited at baseline. In this, 74 UHR individuals were clinically and cognitively assessed after 12 months, while remission status was available for 81 (25 remission/56 nonremission). Glutamate and GABA levels were assessed at baseline using 3 T proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Psychopathology, symptom severity, and remission were assessed with the Comprehensive Assessment of At-Risk Mental States and Clinical Global Impression and functional outcome with the Social and Occupational Functioning Assessment Scale. Cognitive function was estimated with the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery. RESULTS.: There were no differences between baseline glutamate and GABA levels in subjects in the nonremission group compared with the remission group, and baseline metabolites could not predict remission status. However, higher baseline levels of GABA in ACC were associated with clinical global improvement (r = -0.34, N = 51, p = 0.01) in an explorative analysis. CONCLUSIONS.: The variety in findings across studies suggests a probable multifactorial influence on clinical outcome in UHR individuals. Future studies should combine multimodal approaches to attempt prediction of long-term outcome.
AB - BACKGROUND.: Cerebral glutamate and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) levels might predict clinical outcome in individuals at ultrahigh risk (UHR) for psychosis but have previously primarily been investigated in smaller cohorts. We aimed to study whether baseline levels of glutamate and GABA in anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and glutamate in thalamus could predict remission status and whether baseline metabolites differed in the remission versus the nonremission group. We also investigated the relationship between baseline metabolite levels and severity of clinical symptoms, functional outcome, and cognitive deficits at follow-up. METHODS.: About 124 UHR individuals were recruited at baseline. In this, 74 UHR individuals were clinically and cognitively assessed after 12 months, while remission status was available for 81 (25 remission/56 nonremission). Glutamate and GABA levels were assessed at baseline using 3 T proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Psychopathology, symptom severity, and remission were assessed with the Comprehensive Assessment of At-Risk Mental States and Clinical Global Impression and functional outcome with the Social and Occupational Functioning Assessment Scale. Cognitive function was estimated with the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery. RESULTS.: There were no differences between baseline glutamate and GABA levels in subjects in the nonremission group compared with the remission group, and baseline metabolites could not predict remission status. However, higher baseline levels of GABA in ACC were associated with clinical global improvement (r = -0.34, N = 51, p = 0.01) in an explorative analysis. CONCLUSIONS.: The variety in findings across studies suggests a probable multifactorial influence on clinical outcome in UHR individuals. Future studies should combine multimodal approaches to attempt prediction of long-term outcome.
KW - 1H-MRS
KW - GABA
KW - glutamate
KW - outcome
KW - prodromal
KW - UHR
U2 - 10.1192/j.eurpsy.2020.77
DO - 10.1192/j.eurpsy.2020.77
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 32762779
AN - SCOPUS:85091470120
VL - 63
JO - European Psychiatry
JF - European Psychiatry
SN - 0924-9338
IS - 1
M1 - e83
ER -
ID: 249856935