Associations Between Initial Clinical Examination and Imaging Findings and Return-to-Sport in Male Athletes With Acute Adductor Injuries: A Prospective Cohort Study
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Associations Between Initial Clinical Examination and Imaging Findings and Return-to-Sport in Male Athletes With Acute Adductor Injuries : A Prospective Cohort Study. / Serner, Andreas; Weir, Adam; Tol, Johannes L; Thorborg, Kristian; Yamashiro, Eduardo; Guermazi, Ali; Roemer, Frank W; Hölmich, Per.
I: The American Journal of Sports Medicine, Bind 48, Nr. 5, 2020, s. 1151-1159.Publikation: Bidrag til tidsskrift › Tidsskriftartikel › Forskning › fagfællebedømt
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TY - JOUR
T1 - Associations Between Initial Clinical Examination and Imaging Findings and Return-to-Sport in Male Athletes With Acute Adductor Injuries
T2 - A Prospective Cohort Study
AU - Serner, Andreas
AU - Weir, Adam
AU - Tol, Johannes L
AU - Thorborg, Kristian
AU - Yamashiro, Eduardo
AU - Guermazi, Ali
AU - Roemer, Frank W
AU - Hölmich, Per
PY - 2020
Y1 - 2020
N2 - BACKGROUND: Time to return-to-sport (RTS) after acute adductor injuries varies among athletes, yet we know little about which factors determine this variance.PURPOSE: To investigate the association between initial clinical and imaging examination findings and time to RTS in male athletes with acute adductor injuries.STUDY DESIGN: Cohort study (Prognosis); Level of evidence, 2.METHODS: Male adult athletes with an acute adductor injury were included within 7 days of injury. Standardized patient history and clinical and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examinations were conducted for all athletes. Athletes performed a supervised standardized criteria-based exercise treatment program. Three RTS milestones were defined: (1) clinically pain-free, (2) completed controlled sports training, and (3) first full team training. Univariate and multiple regression analyses were performed to determine the association between the specific candidate variables of the initial examinations and the RTS milestones.RESULTS: We included 81 male adult athletes. The median duration for the 3 RTS milestones were 15 days (interquartile range, 12-28 days), 24 days (16-32 days), and 22 days (15-31 days), respectively. Clinical examination including patient history was able to explain 63%, 74%, and 68% of the variance in time to RTS. The strongest predictors for longer time to RTS were pain on palpation of the proximal adductor longus insertion or a palpable defect. The addition of MRI increased the explained variance with 7%, 0%, and 7%. The strongest MRI predictor was injury at the bone-tendon junction. Post hoc multiple regression analyses of players without the 2 most important clinical findings were able to explain 24% to 31% of the variance, with no added value of the MRI findings.CONCLUSION: The strongest predictors of a longer time to RTS after acute adductor injury were palpation pain at the proximal adductor longus insertion, a palpable defect, and/or an injury at the bone-tendon junction on MRI. For athletes without any of these findings, even extensive clinical and MRI examination does not assist considerably in providing a more precise estimate of time to RTS.
AB - BACKGROUND: Time to return-to-sport (RTS) after acute adductor injuries varies among athletes, yet we know little about which factors determine this variance.PURPOSE: To investigate the association between initial clinical and imaging examination findings and time to RTS in male athletes with acute adductor injuries.STUDY DESIGN: Cohort study (Prognosis); Level of evidence, 2.METHODS: Male adult athletes with an acute adductor injury were included within 7 days of injury. Standardized patient history and clinical and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examinations were conducted for all athletes. Athletes performed a supervised standardized criteria-based exercise treatment program. Three RTS milestones were defined: (1) clinically pain-free, (2) completed controlled sports training, and (3) first full team training. Univariate and multiple regression analyses were performed to determine the association between the specific candidate variables of the initial examinations and the RTS milestones.RESULTS: We included 81 male adult athletes. The median duration for the 3 RTS milestones were 15 days (interquartile range, 12-28 days), 24 days (16-32 days), and 22 days (15-31 days), respectively. Clinical examination including patient history was able to explain 63%, 74%, and 68% of the variance in time to RTS. The strongest predictors for longer time to RTS were pain on palpation of the proximal adductor longus insertion or a palpable defect. The addition of MRI increased the explained variance with 7%, 0%, and 7%. The strongest MRI predictor was injury at the bone-tendon junction. Post hoc multiple regression analyses of players without the 2 most important clinical findings were able to explain 24% to 31% of the variance, with no added value of the MRI findings.CONCLUSION: The strongest predictors of a longer time to RTS after acute adductor injury were palpation pain at the proximal adductor longus insertion, a palpable defect, and/or an injury at the bone-tendon junction on MRI. For athletes without any of these findings, even extensive clinical and MRI examination does not assist considerably in providing a more precise estimate of time to RTS.
KW - Adult
KW - Athletes
KW - Athletic Injuries/diagnostic imaging
KW - Humans
KW - Magnetic Resonance Imaging
KW - Male
KW - Muscle, Skeletal/injuries
KW - Myalgia
KW - Prospective Studies
KW - Return to Sport
KW - Thigh/injuries
U2 - 10.1177/0363546520908610
DO - 10.1177/0363546520908610
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 32182099
VL - 48
SP - 1151
EP - 1159
JO - American Journal of Sports Medicine
JF - American Journal of Sports Medicine
SN - 0363-5465
IS - 5
ER -
ID: 261236123