Archival influenza virus genomes from Europe reveal genomic variability during the 1918 pandemic
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The 1918 influenza pandemic was the deadliest respiratory pandemic of the 20th century and determined the genomic make-up of subsequent human influenza A viruses (IAV). Here, we analyze both the first 1918 IAV genomes from Europe and the first from samples prior to the autumn peak. 1918 IAV genomic diversity is consistent with a combination of local transmission and long-distance dispersal events. Comparison of genomes before and during the pandemic peak shows variation at two sites in the nucleoprotein gene associated with resistance to host antiviral response, pointing at a possible adaptation of 1918 IAV to humans. Finally, local molecular clock modeling suggests a pure pandemic descent of seasonal H1N1 IAV as an alternative to the hypothesis of origination through an intrasubtype reassortment.
| Originalsprog | Engelsk |
|---|---|
| Artikelnummer | 2314 |
| Tidsskrift | Nature Communications |
| Vol/bind | 13 |
| Antal sider | 9 |
| ISSN | 2041-1723 |
| DOI | |
| Status | Udgivet - 2022 |
Bibliografisk note
Funding Information:
B.V. and S.L. were supported by postdoctoral fellowship grants of the Research Foundation–Flanders (Fonds voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek, 12U7121N and 12R4718N, respectively). M.T.P.G. acknowledges Danish National Research Foundation Award DNRF143 for funding. This work was funded in part by the Intramural Research Program of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases of the NIH (D.M.M. and J.K.T.). MAS was supported by US National Institutes of Health grants HG006139 and AI135995. M.W. was supported by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation (INV-004212) and the David and Lucile Packard Foundation. VJS was supported by the University of Zurich’s University Research Priority Program “Evolution in Action: From Genomes to Ecosystems”. The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Research Council under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program (grant agreement no. 725422-ReservoirDOCS) and from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 project MOOD (grant agreement no. 874850). The Artic Network receives funding from the Wellcome Trust through project 206298/Z/17/Z. PL acknowledges support by the Research Foundation - Flanders (‘Fonds voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek - Vlaanderen’, G0D5117N and G0B9317N). This project was also supported by a grant to SCS from the National Research Platform for Zoonoses (Federal Ministry of Education and Research, 01KI1714), and in part by a grant to TW from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (Transregio 84, project B2).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2022, The Author(s).
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