Ancient viral genomes reveal introduction of human pathogenic viruses into Mexico during the transatlantic slave trade
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- Ancient viral genomes reveal introduction of human pathogenic viruses into Mexico during the transatlantic slave trade
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After the European colonization of the Americas there was a dramatic population collapse of the Indigenous inhabitants caused in part by the introduction of new pathogens. Although there is much speculation on the etiology of the Colonial epidemics, direct evidence for the presence of specific viruses during the Colonial era is lacking. To uncover the diversity of viral pathogens during this period, we designed an enrichment assay targeting ancient DNA (aDNA) from viruses of clinical importance and applied it to DNA extracts from individuals found in a Colonial hospital and a Colonial chapel (16th c. – 18th c.) where records suggest victims of epidemics were buried during important outbreaks in Mexico City. This allowed us to reconstruct three ancient human parvovirus B19 genomes, and one ancient human hepatitis B virus genome from distinct individuals. The viral genomes are similar to African strains, consistent with the inferred morphological and genetic African ancestry of the hosts as well as with the isotopic analysis of the human remains, suggesting an origin on the African continent. This study provides direct molecular evidence of ancient viruses being transported to the Americas during the transatlantic slave trade and their subsequent introduction to New Spain. Altogether, our observations enrich the discussion about the etiology of infectious diseases during the Colonial period in Mexico.
| Originalsprog | Engelsk |
|---|---|
| Artikelnummer | e68612 |
| Tidsskrift | eLife |
| Vol/bind | 10 |
| Antal sider | 26 |
| ISSN | 2050-084X |
| DOI | |
| Status | Udgivet - 2021 |
Bibliografisk note
Funding Information:
This work was funded by the Wellcome Trust Sanger grant number 208934/Z/17/Z, by project IA201219 PAPIIT-DGAPA-UNAM, by The Human Frontier Science Program number RGY0075/2019, and by the Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division at Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center. D.B-M is an Open Philanthropy Fellow of the Life Sciences Research Foundation (LSRF). We thank INAH’s Consejo de Arqueología for approving the sampling and aDNA analysis (permits 401.1S.3-2018/1373 and 401.1S.3-2020/1310 for Hospital San Jose de los Naturales and the Temple of Immaculate Conception (La Conchita), respectively). We are grateful with Teodoro Hernández Treviño, Gerardo Arrieta García from the “Laboratorio Universitario de Geoquímica Isotópica” (LUGIS-UNAM) for their technical support in performing the 87Sr/86Sr analyses and to Luis Alberto Aguilar Bautista, Alejandro de León Cuevas, Carlos Sair Flores Bautista and Jair Garcia Sotelo from the “Laboratorio Nacional de Visualización Científica Avanzada” (LAVIS/UNAM) who stored our data and provided the computational resources to perform this study. We thank Alejandra Castillo Carbajal and Carina Uribe Díaz for technical support throughout the project.
Funding Information:
This work was funded by the Wellcome Trust Sanger grant number 208934/Z/17/Z, by project IA201219 PAPIIT-DGAPA-UNAM, by The Human Frontier Science Program number RGY0075/2019, and by the Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division at Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center. D.B-M is an Open Philanthropy Fellow of the Life Sciences Research Foundation (LSRF). We thank INAH?s Consejo de Arqueolog?a for approving the sampling and aDNA analysis (permits 401.1S.3-2018/1373 and 401.1S.3-2020/1310 for Hospital San Jose de los Naturales and the Temple of Immaculate Conception (La Conchita), respectively). We are grateful with Teodoro Hern?ndez Trevi?o, Gerardo Arrieta Garc?a from the ?Laboratorio Universitario de Geoqu?mica Isot?pica? (LUGIS-UNAM) for their technical support in performing the87Sr/86Sr analyses and to Luis Alberto Aguilar Bautista, Alejandro de Le?n Cuevas, Carlos Sair Flores Bautista and Jair Garcia Sotelo from the ?Laboratorio Nacional de Visualizaci?n Cient?fica Avanzada? (LAVIS/UNAM) who stored our data and provided the computational resources to perform this study. We thank Alejandra Castillo Carbajal and Carina Uribe D?az for technical support throughout the project.
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