Structure of ICD-11 complex PTSD and relationship with psychoform and somatoform dissociation
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Structure of ICD-11 complex PTSD and relationship with psychoform and somatoform dissociation. / Møller, Lise; Bach, Bo; Augsburger, Mareike; Elklit, Ask; Søgaard, Ulf; Simonsen, Erik.
In: European Journal of Trauma and Dissociation, Vol. 5, No. 3, 100233, 2021.Research output: Contribution to journal › Journal article › Research › peer-review
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TY - JOUR
T1 - Structure of ICD-11 complex PTSD and relationship with psychoform and somatoform dissociation
AU - Møller, Lise
AU - Bach, Bo
AU - Augsburger, Mareike
AU - Elklit, Ask
AU - Søgaard, Ulf
AU - Simonsen, Erik
N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2021
PY - 2021
Y1 - 2021
N2 - Objective: The structure of the relationship between ICD-11 Complex Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (C-PTSD) and dissociative symptoms requires more extensive research, especially with respect to the empirical support for a DSM-5 dissociative subtype of PTSD. The present study sought to examine 1) the structural validity of ICD-11 C-PTSD, 2) the association between latent C-PTSD factors and features of dissociation, and 3) whether patients with C-PTSD show elevated levels of dissociation when compared to PTSD and no ICD-11 PTSD disorder. Methods: A sample of traumatized psychiatric outpatients (N = 114) were diagnosed with a structured interview and subsequently administered the International Trauma Questionnaire (ITQ), the Dissociative Symptom Scale (DSS), and the Somatoform Dissociation Questionnaire, 5-items (SDQ). We used Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) to replicate the established structure of C-PTSD as operationalized with the ITQ. Subsequently, a structural equation model (SEM) approach was employed to examine associations of ITQ with psychoform and somatoform dissociation as measured with the DSS and SDQ. Results: The expected factorial structure of C-PTSD was replicated in the present sample, and the domains PTSD and disturbances in self-organization were found to be related but distinct constructs. All ICD-11 C-PTSD latent factors were associated with dissociative experiences. The strongest effects were found for the symptom clusters Affective Dysregulation, Disturbances in Relationship, and Re-Experiencing. However, dissociative Gaps in Awareness and Memory and Sensory Misperception were not predicted by any ICD-11 C-PTSD latent factors. Cumulative levels of dissociative experiences appeared to differentiate ICD-11 PTSD and C-PTSD with significantly higher levels for C-PTSD. Conclusion: ICD-11 C-PTSD is strongly associated with dissociative phenomena in complex ways. Somatoform and psychoform manifestations of dissociation should be routinely assessed in patients with ICD-11 C-PTSD because such expressions may cover intense affects and painful relationship experiences. Future studies are needed to substantiate the causal and predictive relationship between ICD-11 C-PTSD and dissociation.
AB - Objective: The structure of the relationship between ICD-11 Complex Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (C-PTSD) and dissociative symptoms requires more extensive research, especially with respect to the empirical support for a DSM-5 dissociative subtype of PTSD. The present study sought to examine 1) the structural validity of ICD-11 C-PTSD, 2) the association between latent C-PTSD factors and features of dissociation, and 3) whether patients with C-PTSD show elevated levels of dissociation when compared to PTSD and no ICD-11 PTSD disorder. Methods: A sample of traumatized psychiatric outpatients (N = 114) were diagnosed with a structured interview and subsequently administered the International Trauma Questionnaire (ITQ), the Dissociative Symptom Scale (DSS), and the Somatoform Dissociation Questionnaire, 5-items (SDQ). We used Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) to replicate the established structure of C-PTSD as operationalized with the ITQ. Subsequently, a structural equation model (SEM) approach was employed to examine associations of ITQ with psychoform and somatoform dissociation as measured with the DSS and SDQ. Results: The expected factorial structure of C-PTSD was replicated in the present sample, and the domains PTSD and disturbances in self-organization were found to be related but distinct constructs. All ICD-11 C-PTSD latent factors were associated with dissociative experiences. The strongest effects were found for the symptom clusters Affective Dysregulation, Disturbances in Relationship, and Re-Experiencing. However, dissociative Gaps in Awareness and Memory and Sensory Misperception were not predicted by any ICD-11 C-PTSD latent factors. Cumulative levels of dissociative experiences appeared to differentiate ICD-11 PTSD and C-PTSD with significantly higher levels for C-PTSD. Conclusion: ICD-11 C-PTSD is strongly associated with dissociative phenomena in complex ways. Somatoform and psychoform manifestations of dissociation should be routinely assessed in patients with ICD-11 C-PTSD because such expressions may cover intense affects and painful relationship experiences. Future studies are needed to substantiate the causal and predictive relationship between ICD-11 C-PTSD and dissociation.
KW - Complex PTSD
KW - Dissociation
KW - ICD-11
KW - Psychoform
KW - PTSD
KW - Somatoform
U2 - 10.1016/j.ejtd.2021.100233
DO - 10.1016/j.ejtd.2021.100233
M3 - Journal article
AN - SCOPUS:85111194282
VL - 5
JO - European Journal of Trauma and Dissociation
JF - European Journal of Trauma and Dissociation
SN - 2468-7499
IS - 3
M1 - 100233
ER -
ID: 275883161