Proca stars: Gravitating Bose-Einstein condensates of massive spin 1 particles
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Proca stars : Gravitating Bose-Einstein condensates of massive spin 1 particles. / Brito, Richard; Cardoso, Vitor; Herdeiro, Carlos A. R.; Radu, Eugen.
In: Physics Letters B, Vol. 752, 10.01.2016, p. 291-295.Research output: Contribution to journal › Journal article › Research › peer-review
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TY - JOUR
T1 - Proca stars
T2 - Gravitating Bose-Einstein condensates of massive spin 1 particles
AU - Brito, Richard
AU - Cardoso, Vitor
AU - Herdeiro, Carlos A. R.
AU - Radu, Eugen
PY - 2016/1/10
Y1 - 2016/1/10
N2 - We establish that massive complex Abelian vector fields (mass mu) can form gravitating solitons, when minimally coupled to Einstein's gravity. Such Proca stars(PSs) have a stationary, everywhere regular and asymptotically flat geometry. The Proca field, however, possesses a harmonic time dependence (frequency w), realizing Wheeler's concept of geons for an Abelian spin 1 field. We obtain PSs with both a spherically symmetric (static) and an axially symmetric (stationary) line element. The latter form a countable number of families labelled by an integer m epsilon Z(+). PSs, like (scalar) boson stars, carry a conserved Noether charge, and are akin to the latter in many ways. In particular, both types of stars exist for a limited range of frequencies and there is a maximal ADM mass, M-max, attained for an intermediate frequency. For spherically symmetric PSs (rotating PSs with m = 1, 2, 3), M-max similar or equal to 1.058M(PI)(2)/mu (M-max similar or equal to 1.568, 2.337, 3.247 M-PI(2)/mu), slightly larger values than those for (mini-)boson stars. We establish perturbative stability for a subset of solutions in the spherical case and anticipate a similar conclusion for fundamental modes in the rotating case. The discovery of PSs opens many avenues of research, reconsidering five decades of work on (scalar) boson stars, in particular as possible dark matter candidates. (C) 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.
AB - We establish that massive complex Abelian vector fields (mass mu) can form gravitating solitons, when minimally coupled to Einstein's gravity. Such Proca stars(PSs) have a stationary, everywhere regular and asymptotically flat geometry. The Proca field, however, possesses a harmonic time dependence (frequency w), realizing Wheeler's concept of geons for an Abelian spin 1 field. We obtain PSs with both a spherically symmetric (static) and an axially symmetric (stationary) line element. The latter form a countable number of families labelled by an integer m epsilon Z(+). PSs, like (scalar) boson stars, carry a conserved Noether charge, and are akin to the latter in many ways. In particular, both types of stars exist for a limited range of frequencies and there is a maximal ADM mass, M-max, attained for an intermediate frequency. For spherically symmetric PSs (rotating PSs with m = 1, 2, 3), M-max similar or equal to 1.058M(PI)(2)/mu (M-max similar or equal to 1.568, 2.337, 3.247 M-PI(2)/mu), slightly larger values than those for (mini-)boson stars. We establish perturbative stability for a subset of solutions in the spherical case and anticipate a similar conclusion for fundamental modes in the rotating case. The discovery of PSs opens many avenues of research, reconsidering five decades of work on (scalar) boson stars, in particular as possible dark matter candidates. (C) 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.
KW - MATTER
KW - STABILITY
U2 - 10.1016/j.physletb.2015.11.051
DO - 10.1016/j.physletb.2015.11.051
M3 - Journal article
VL - 752
SP - 291
EP - 295
JO - Physics Letters B: Particle Physics, Nuclear Physics and Cosmology
JF - Physics Letters B: Particle Physics, Nuclear Physics and Cosmology
SN - 0370-2693
ER -
ID: 299821119