TY - JOUR

T1 - Modellierung der durch Wind verursachten Waldsterblichkeit

T2 - Die Auswirkung von Forststraßen

AU - Abdi, Ehsan

AU - Samdaliry, Hassan

AU - Ghalandarayeshi, Shaaban

AU - Khoramizadeh, Azadeh

AU - Sohrabi, Hadi

AU - Deljouei, Azade

AU - Johannsen, Vivian Kvist

AU - Etemad, Vahid

N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2020 Osterreichischer Agrarverlag GmbH. All rights reserved.

PY - 2020

Y1 - 2020

N2 - Strong wind is an important natural disturbance in temperate forests causing damage, stand gaps, soil disturbance and changes in vegetation composition. The aim of the current study was to assess the effect of forest roads as man-made infrastructures on the frequency and type of wind damage in the Hyrcanian forest in Iran. To do this, all the damaged trees were examined on both uphill and downhill sides of roads and the type of the damage (broken or windthrown), the horizontal distance between trees and road, diameter at breast height (DBH), tree species (mostly Oriental beech Fagus orientalis and European Hornbeam Carpinus betulus), height of breakage and slope of terrain were recorded for each damaged tree. We used a chi-square test of goodness-of-fit to assess the effect of road, DBH and slope on the frequency of damaged tress and logistic regressions to model the effects of different factors on the type of wind disturbance. Our results suggest that the frequency of damaged trees reduced with increasing distance from the road, i.e. frequency of damaged trees in 0-25 m distance class was about 7.4 times of that in 75-100 m. The frequency of damaged trees increased also with increasing slope and DBH and the highest number of damaged trees were observed in DBH class of 67.5-87.5 cm. Beech trees were mostly broken (87 %), while hornbeam trees showed higher percentage of windthrow (58 %) compared to beech trees. The results of logistic regressions indicated that one-unit increase in the distance from the road leads to 0.74 % increase in the probability of windthrow for both species. Surprisingly the probability of windthrow for hornbeam is about 4.3 times higher compared to beech at the same distance. In contrast the probability of wind breakage decreased with increasing distance from the road for both species and beech were more frequently broken than hornbeam. Climate change is expected to intensify natural disturbances and thus risk analysis of wind disturbance require increased attention in road planning and maintenance operations to reduce costs and increase safety in the future.

AB - Strong wind is an important natural disturbance in temperate forests causing damage, stand gaps, soil disturbance and changes in vegetation composition. The aim of the current study was to assess the effect of forest roads as man-made infrastructures on the frequency and type of wind damage in the Hyrcanian forest in Iran. To do this, all the damaged trees were examined on both uphill and downhill sides of roads and the type of the damage (broken or windthrown), the horizontal distance between trees and road, diameter at breast height (DBH), tree species (mostly Oriental beech Fagus orientalis and European Hornbeam Carpinus betulus), height of breakage and slope of terrain were recorded for each damaged tree. We used a chi-square test of goodness-of-fit to assess the effect of road, DBH and slope on the frequency of damaged tress and logistic regressions to model the effects of different factors on the type of wind disturbance. Our results suggest that the frequency of damaged trees reduced with increasing distance from the road, i.e. frequency of damaged trees in 0-25 m distance class was about 7.4 times of that in 75-100 m. The frequency of damaged trees increased also with increasing slope and DBH and the highest number of damaged trees were observed in DBH class of 67.5-87.5 cm. Beech trees were mostly broken (87 %), while hornbeam trees showed higher percentage of windthrow (58 %) compared to beech trees. The results of logistic regressions indicated that one-unit increase in the distance from the road leads to 0.74 % increase in the probability of windthrow for both species. Surprisingly the probability of windthrow for hornbeam is about 4.3 times higher compared to beech at the same distance. In contrast the probability of wind breakage decreased with increasing distance from the road for both species and beech were more frequently broken than hornbeam. Climate change is expected to intensify natural disturbances and thus risk analysis of wind disturbance require increased attention in road planning and maintenance operations to reduce costs and increase safety in the future.

KW - Beech

KW - Carpinus betulus

KW - Disturbances

KW - Fagus orientalis

KW - Gap dynamics

KW - Hornbeam

M3 - Tidsskriftartikel

AN - SCOPUS:85106511033

VL - 137

SP - 1

EP - 22

JO - Austrian Journal of Forest Science

JF - Austrian Journal of Forest Science

SN - 0379-5292

IS - 1

ER -